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The Eye of Drosophila as a Model System for Studying Intracellular Signaling in Ontogenesis and Pathogenesis

机译:果蝇之眼作为研究本体发生和发病机理中细胞内信号传导的模型系统

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摘要

Many human diseases are caused by malfunction of basic types of cellular activity such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, cell polarization, and migration. In turn, these processes are associated with different routes of intracellular signal transduction. A number of model systems have been designed to study normal and abnormal cellular and molecular processes associated with pathogenesis. The developing eye of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is one of these systems. The sequential development of compound eyes of this insect makes it possible to model human neurodegenerative diseases and mechanisms of carcinogenesis. In this paper we overview the program of the eye development in Drosophila, with emphasis on intracellular signaling pathways that regulate this complex process. We discuss in detail the roles of the Notch, Hedgehog, TGFβ, Wnt, and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways in Drosophila eye development and human pathology. We also briefly describe the modern methods of experimentation with this model organism to analyze the function of human pathogenic proteins.
机译:许多人类疾病是由细胞活动的基本类型失灵引起的,例如增殖,分化,凋亡,细胞极化和迁移。这些过程又与细胞内信号转导的不同途径有关。已经设计了许多模型系统来研究与发病机理有关的正常和异常细胞和分子过程。果蝇果蝇的发育眼是这些系统之一。这种昆虫的复眼的相继发展使得对人类神经退行性疾病和致癌机制的建模成为可能。在本文中,我们概述了果蝇眼睛发育的程序,重点是调节这一复杂过程的细胞内信号通路。我们详细讨论了Notch,Hedgehog,TGFβ,Wnt和受体酪氨酸激酶信号通路在果蝇眼发育和人类病理学中的作用。我们还简要介绍了用这种模式生物进行实验的现代方法,以分析人类致病蛋白的功能。

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