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Structural basis for the killing of human beta cells by CD8 + T cells in type 1 diabetes

机译:1型糖尿病中CD8 + T细胞杀死人β细胞的结构基础

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The structural characteristics of the engagement of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted self antigens by autoreactive T cell antigen receptors (TCRs) is established, but how autoimmune TCRs interact with complexes of self peptide and MHC class I has been unclear. Here we examined how CD8 + T cells kill human islet beta cells in type 1 diabetes via recognition of a human leukocyte antigen HLA-A*0201- restricted glucose-sensitive preproinsulin peptide by the autoreactive TCR 1E6. Rigid 'lock-and-key' binding underpinned the 1E6-HLA-A*0201-peptide interaction, whereby 1E6 docked similarly to most MHC class I-restricted TCRs. However, this interaction was extraordinarily weak because of limited contacts with MHC class I. TCR binding was highly peptide centric, dominated by two residues of the complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) loops that acted as an 'aromatic-cap' over the complex of peptide and MHC class I (pMHCI). Thus, highly focused peptide-centric interactions associated with suboptimal TCR-pMHCI binding affinities might lead to thymic escape and potential CD8 + T cell-mediated autoreactivity.
机译:建立了自身反应性T细胞抗原受体(TCR)参与的主要组织相容性复合物(MHC)II类限制性自身抗原的结构特征,但是尚不清楚自身免疫性TCR如何与自身肽和MHC I类复合物相互作用。在这里,我们检查了CD8 + T细胞如何通过自身反应性TCR 1E6识别人白细胞抗原HLA-A * 0201限制的葡萄糖敏感性前胰岛素原肽来杀死1型糖尿病人胰岛β细胞。刚性的“锁和键”结合是1E6-HLA-A * 0201肽相互作用的基础,因此1E6与大多数MHC I类限制性TCR相似地对接。但是,由于与MHC I类的接触有限,这种相互作用异常弱。TCR结合是高度以肽为中心的,主要由互补决定区3(CDR3)环的两个残基充当,在复合物中充当“芳香帽”肽和MHC I类(pMHCI)。因此,与次佳的TCR-pMHCI结合亲和力相关的高度集中的以肽为中心的相互作用可能导致胸腺逃逸和潜在的CD8 + T细胞介导的自身反应性。

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