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Glutamylation of the DNA sensor cGAS regulates its binding and synthase activity in antiviral immunity

机译:DNA传感器cGAS的谷氨酰化可调节其结合和合酶活性,从而具有抗病毒免疫功能

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摘要

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) senses cytosolic DNA during viral infection and catalyzes synthesis of the dinucleotide cGAMP, which activates the adaptor STING to initiate antiviral responses. Here we found that deficiency in the carboxypeptidase CCP5 or CCP6 led to susceptibility to DNA viruses. CCP5 and CCP6 were required for activation of the transcription factor IRF3 and interferons. Polyglutamylation of cGAS by the enzyme TTLL6 impeded its DNA-binding ability, whereas TTLL4-mediated monoglutamylation of cGAS blocked its synthase activity. Conversely, CCP6 removed the polyglutamylation of cGAS, whereas CCP5 hydrolyzed the monoglutamylation of cGAS, which together led to the activation of cGAS. Therefore, glutamylation and deglutamylation of cGAS tightly modulate immune responses to infection with DNA viruses.
机译:环状GMP-AMP合酶(cGAS)在病毒感染过程中感知胞质DNA,并催化二核苷酸cGAMP的合成,从而激活衔接子STING以启动抗病毒反应。在这里,我们发现羧肽酶CCP5或CCP6的缺乏导致对DNA病毒的易感性。 CCP5和CCP6是激活转录因子IRF3和干扰素所必需的。 TTLL6酶对cGAS的多谷氨酰化作用阻止了其DNA结合能力,而TTLL4介导的cGAS的单谷氨酰化作用阻止了其合酶活性。相反,CCP6去除了cGAS的多谷氨酰化,而CCP5水解了cGAS的单谷氨酰化,这一起导致cGAS的活化。因此,cGAS的谷氨酰化和脱谷氨酰化紧密调节了对DNA病毒感染的免疫反应。

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