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首页> 外文期刊>Nature clinical practice. Rheumatology >MicroRNAs, the immune system and rheumatic disease.
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MicroRNAs, the immune system and rheumatic disease.

机译：MicroRNA，免疫系统和风湿病。

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摘要

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA molecules that modulate the expression of multiple target genes at the post-transcriptional level and are implicated in a wide array of cellular and developmental processes. In hematopoietic cells, miRNA levels are dynamically regulated during lineage differentiation and also during the course of the immune response. Mouse models have provided good evidence for miRNAs being key players in the establishment of hematopoietic lineages. Furthermore, miRNA-dependent alterations in gene expression in hematopoietic cells are critical for mounting an appropriate immune response to a wide range of pathogens, spontaneously emerging tumors, and autoimmune cells. Deregulation of hematopoietic-specific miRNA expression results in defects in both central and peripheral tolerance, hematopoietic malignancies, and sometimes both. Abnormal expression of miRNAs-which is implicated in inflammation-has also been found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. These findings identify miRNAs as critical targets for immunomodulatory drug development.
机译：微小RNA（miRNA）是短的非编码RNA分子，可在转录后水平上调节多个靶基因的表达，并涉及多种细胞和发育过程。在造血细胞中，miRNA水平在谱系分化过程中以及免疫反应过程中受到动态调节。小鼠模型为miRNA在建立造血谱系中起关键作用提供了良好的证据。此外，造血细胞中基因表达的miRNA依赖性改变对于对各种病原体，自发性肿瘤和自身免疫细胞进行适当的免疫应答至关重要。造血特异性miRNA表达的失调会导致中枢和外周耐受性，造血系统恶性肿瘤，有时甚至是两者的缺陷。在类风湿关节炎患者中也发现了与炎症有关的miRNA的异常表达。这些发现将miRNAs确定为免疫调节药物开发的关键目标。

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