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首页> 外文期刊>Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie. Abhandlungen >Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous carbonate rocks of the Berdiga Limestone - Sedimentation on an onbound platform with volcanic and episodic siliciclastic influx. Biostratigraphy, facies and diagenesis (Kircaova, Kale-Gumushane area; NE-Turkey)
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Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous carbonate rocks of the Berdiga Limestone - Sedimentation on an onbound platform with volcanic and episodic siliciclastic influx. Biostratigraphy, facies and diagenesis (Kircaova, Kale-Gumushane area; NE-Turkey)

机译：Berdiga石灰岩的上侏罗统和下白垩统碳酸盐岩-火山和偶发硅质碎屑涌入的入站平台上的沉积。生物地层学，相和成岩作用（基尔科瓦，羽衣甘蓝古穆什内地区;土耳其东北）

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摘要

The Berdiga Limestone (Oxfordian to Barremian; NE-Turkey) was analyzed by a profile of 320 m thickness consisting of well-bedded platform carbonates. The biostratigraphic subdivision is based on calcareous algae and benthic foraminifera. Oxfordian oncolitic, intraclastic packstones and grainstones (fragments of corals) are overlain by crystalline dolomite with ghost textures of intraclasts, ooids and biogenics. Micritic limestones with microbial laminae and gypsum pseudomorphs occur in the uppermost Oxfordian and Lower Kimmeridgian and are overlain by Middle Kimmeridgian diabase. Mudstones occur throughout the Upper Kimmeridgian and Tithonian. Marked changes of facies and fauna occur in the Cretaceous. Packstones and grainstones rich in foraminifera, fragments of molluscs, echinoids and micritic intraclasts (Valanginian) overlie dolomitic mudstones and packstones (Berriasian) just containing some foraminifera. Generally the development of limestones with high faunal diversity and numbers of individuals is continued up to the Barremian. Locally fine-crystalline dolomite, algal laminites with birds eyes and traces of gypsum pseudomorphs, a sandstone horizon (30 cm) and three conglomeratic, reddish, marker horizons with soil character are intercalated. Moreover, beds with higher terrestrial, siliciclastic input contain fragments of volcanic rocks and tuffs as well as grains of quartz, feldspar and minor pyroxenes indicating episodic erosion of a source area of intermediate to basic volcanic rocks. Roundness of some quartz grains points to deposits in higher energy coastal settings. Pores are predominantly closed by fine- to medium-granular clear calcite cements. Very locally relic-textures of marine-phreatic isopacheous Mg-calcite rim cements can be observed in packstones and grainstones. Four main types of dolomite/dedolomite can be distinguished: (1) Idiomorphic rhombohedra with cloudy inclusion-rich core and clear inclusion-free overgrowth, (2) rhombohedra in interparticle pores, (3) fine- to coarse-crystalline hypidiomorphic dolomite with relic textures, and (4) partly dedolomitized zoned dolomite crystals. Silica diagenesis is characterized by (1) partial replacement of fossil fragments under preservation or destruction of the primary shell structures, (2) chert sphaerulithes, (3) scattered tiny idiomorphic quartz crystals with well developed crystal outlines, and (4) initial growth of tiny quartz skeletons. Furthermore a complex diagenesis of overgrowth on detrital feldspars, partly dissolution, and subsequent calcitization can be recognized in Cretaceous limestones.
机译：Berdiga石灰石（牛津至巴里米亚;土耳其NE）的分析剖面为320 m厚，由层状良好的地层碳酸盐组成。生物地层学细分基于钙质藻类和底栖有孔虫。牛津的大块石质，碎屑内堆积岩和颗粒岩（珊瑚的碎片）上覆有结晶白云岩，并具有碎屑，卵石和生物成因的鬼影纹理。具有微生物层状和石膏假晶型的微影石灰岩出现在最上层的牛津和下基米德吉亚地区，并被中基米德吉亚辉绿岩覆盖。泥岩遍布整个基默尼迪安河和提通河。相和动物区系的明显变化发生在白垩纪。富含有孔虫的石和grain石，软体动物的碎片，棘突类动物和微粉质碎屑（瓦朗吉尼亚语）覆盖在仅含一些有孔虫的白云质泥岩和pack石（贝里亚岩）上。一般说来，具有高动物多样性和个体数量的石灰石的开发一直持续到巴雷米亚。插入了局部细晶的白云岩，带鸟眼的藻层状岩以及石膏假晶的痕迹，砂岩层（30厘米）和三个具有土壤特征的砾岩状，带红色的标记层。此外，具有较高地层，碎屑碎屑输入的床层包含火山岩和凝灰岩的碎片，以及石英，长石和次要辉石的颗粒，表明火山岩侵蚀是中层至基础火山岩源区的一部分。一些石英颗粒的圆度表明在较高能量的沿海环境中有沉积物。孔主要被细到中粒度的方解石水泥封闭。在泥岩和粒岩中可以观察到非常局部的海相等渗镁方解石边缘水泥遗迹纹理。可以区分四种主要类型的白云岩/绿岩：（1）具有混浊的富集芯和清晰无杂物的长晶形长菱形，（2）颗粒间孔隙中的长菱形，（3）细到粗晶的亚形白云岩，带有遗迹纹理;以及（4）部分去离子化带状白云岩晶体。二氧化硅成岩作用的特征是（1）在保留或破坏原始壳结构的情况下部分替换化石碎片;（2）鳞片鳞茎;（3）散布着细小的亚型的石英晶体，其晶体轮廓发达;（4）硅的初始生长小小的石英骨架。此外，在白垩纪石灰岩中可以识别出碎屑长石上过度生长，部分溶解和随后的钙化的复杂成岩作用。

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