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首页> 外文期刊>Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie. Abhandlungen >The fossil record of the short-faced bears (Ursidae, Tremarctinae) from Venezuela. Systematic, biogeographic, and paleoecological implications
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The fossil record of the short-faced bears (Ursidae, Tremarctinae) from Venezuela. Systematic, biogeographic, and paleoecological implications

机译：委内瑞拉的短头熊（Ursidae，Tremarctinae）的化石记录。系统的，生物地理的和古生态的意义

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摘要

The first record of a Tremarctinae bear in Venezuela was made by Royo y GOMEZ in 1960. Since then, three new specimens from two localities have been collected but not reported. The purpose of this contribution is to discuss the taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and biogeographic implications of these records. The bear genera included in the subfamily Tremarctinae are distributed exclusively in America. In South America only one fossil genus is recorded, Arctotherium, comprising five species: A. angustidens, restricted to the Ensenadan (early - middle Pleistocene) of Argentina and Bolivia; A. vetustum, recorded only in the Bonaerian (middle Pleistocene) of Brazil and Argentina; two Bonaerian and Lujanian (middle Pleistocene - early Holocene) species, A. bonariense (recorded only in Argentina), and A. tarijense (occurring in Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay and Chile); and A. wingei, recorded with certainty only in the Lujanian (late Pleistocene - early Holocene). After the present study we conclude that (1) A. wingei is the only species recorded in Venezuela, and (2) all known specimens have Lujanian provenance. Outside Venezuela, this species is recorded from Bolivia and Brazil but without precise stratigraphic data. Although A. wingei is one of the most plesiomorphic Arctotherium species, it has not been recorded in sediments older than late Pleistocene. This could be interpreted as species preference for low latitude tropical or subtropical environments, which are poorly represented in early Pleistocene continental sediments.
机译：Royo y GOMEZ于1960年对委内瑞拉的Tremarctinae熊进行了首次记录。此后，已经收集了来自两个地方的三个新标本，但没有报告。该贡献的目的是讨论这些记录的分类学，生物地层学和生物地理学含义。 Tremarctinae亚科中的熊属只在美国发行。在南美洲，仅记录到一种化石属，牛t属，包括五种：A. angustidens，仅限于阿根廷和玻利维亚的Ensenadan（早期-中更新世）; A. vetustum，仅在巴西和阿根廷的Bonaerian（中更新世）中记录; Bonaerian和Lujanian（中更新世-全新世早期）两种，A。bonariense（仅在阿根廷记录）和A. tarijense（在阿根廷，玻利维亚，乌拉圭和智利发生）;和A. wingei，仅在Lujanian（晚更新世-全新世早期）中确定地记录。经过本研究，我们得出以下结论：（1）翼翅目是委内瑞拉唯一记录的物种，（2）所有已知标本都具有卢雅尼亚起源。在委内瑞拉以外，该物种记录自玻利维亚和巴西，但没有精确的地层数据。尽管翼翅目。虫是最多形的Arctotherium物种之一，但尚未记录在晚更新世晚期的沉积物中。这可以解释为对低纬度热带或亚热带环境的物种偏爱，在较早的更新世大陆沉积物中代表性较差。

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