New data suggest that use of metformin, but not other oral hypoglycaemics, decreases the risk of prostate cancer. In a nested case-control study of men living in Denmark from 1989 to 2011, metformin users were approximately 16% less likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer than nonusers, even after adjustment for diabetic severity and other confounders. Previous studies have shown that metformin has antiproliferative effects in preclinical models of prostate cancer and reduces prostate-cancer-specific and all-cause mortality in men with this disease; however, no randomized trial has evaluated the effect of metformin on prostate cancer risk, and observational studies have yielded conflicting results.
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