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Substrate-induced transmembrane signaling in the cobalamin transporter BtuB

机译:钴胺素转运蛋白BtuB中底物诱导的跨膜信号传导

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The outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria possess transport proteins essential for uptake of scarce nutrients. In TonB-dependent transporters, a conserved sequence of seven residues, the Ton box, faces the periplasm and interacts with the inner membrane Tong protein to energize an active transport cycle. A critical mechanistic step is the structural change in the Ton box of the transporter upon substrate binding; this essential transmembrane signaling event increases the affinity of the transporter for Tong and enables active transport to proceed. We have solved crystal structures of BtuB, the outer membrane cobalamin transporter from Escherichia coli, in the absence and presence of cyanocobalamin (vitamin B-12). In these structures, the Ton box is ordered and undergoes a conformational change in the presence of bound substrate. Calcium has been implicated as a necessary factor for the high-affinity binding (K-d similar to0.3 nM) of cyanocobalamin to BtuB. We observe two bound calcium ions that order three extracellular loops of BtuB, thus providing a direct (and unusual) structural role for calcium. [References: 51]
机译:革兰氏阴性细菌的外膜具有转运蛋白,对于摄取稀缺的营养至关重要。在依赖于TonB的转运蛋白中,保守的序列由七个残基(即Ton框)面对周质并与内膜Tong蛋白相互作用,以激活一个活跃的转运周期。关键的机械步骤是在结合底物时转运子的Ton盒中的结构发生变化。这种重要的跨膜信号传递事件增加了转运蛋白对Tong的亲和力,并使主动转运得以进行。我们已经解决了在不存在和存在氰钴胺素(维生素B-12)的情况下,大肠杆菌外膜钴胺素转运蛋白BtuB的晶体结构。在这些结构中,吨盒是有序的,并且在结合的底物存在下发生构象变化。钙被认为是氰钴胺素与BtuB高亲和力结合(K-d类似于0.3 nM)的必要因素。我们观察到两个结合的钙离子,它们排列BtuB的三个细胞外环,从而为钙提供了直接的(且不寻常的)结构作用。 [参考:51]

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