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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Control: Theory and Application in Pest Management >Mass rearing and release of Trichogramma for biological control of insect pests of corn in China. (Special Issue: Biological control in China.)
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Mass rearing and release of Trichogramma for biological control of insect pests of corn in China. (Special Issue: Biological control in China.)

机译：赤眼蜂的大量繁殖和释放，用于生物防治中国的玉米害虫。 （特刊：中国的生物防治。）

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摘要

Corn (Zea mays L., Poaceae) is ranked first as food crop in planting area and in total yield production in China. Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, is the most destructive pest of corn in China, causing 6-9 million tons of yield loss per year on average. Trichogramma has been released for control of Asian corn borer at large scale since the 1970's, partly triggered by the fact that Trichogramma dendrolimi can be successfully mass reared on eggs of the Chinese oak silkworm, Antheraea pernyi. Eggs of different hosts, such as Eri-silkworm, Samia cynthia ricini, A. pernyi, the Rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica, the Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella and also artificial host eggs were tested and successfully used to mass-rear various Trichogramma species in China since then. The mass production technology and release technique of Trichogramma have been greatly improved in recent years making Trichogramma production and field application more practical and cost efficient. Nowadays, nearly 4 million hectares of corn are treated with T. dendrolimi, Trichogramma chilonis and Trichogramma ostriniae annually, mainly in North-east China. Large ecological and economic benefits have been achieved in areas where Trichogramma have been released continuously for many years. This includes an increase of natural populations of Trichogramma and other natural enemies in cornfields, the avoidance of any insecticide treatments in corn, a reduction in mycotoxin contamination and overall higher yields. The release of Trichogramma for controlling Asian corn borer and other lepidopteran pests became one of the key measures in corn IPM in China. Trichogramma applications combined with other non-chemical control measures for corn insect pests IPM began a new era in China as the new concept of "Public Plant Protection, Green Plant Protection" was put forward in 2006 as the guideline for plant protection in China. The future prospects and challenges of Trichogramma application are also discussed in this review.
机译：玉米（Zea mays L.，禾本科）在中国种植面积和总产量中排名第一。亚洲玉米bore，Ostrinia furnacalis，是中国玉米中最具破坏性的害虫，平均每年造成6-900万吨的产量损失。自1970年代以来，赤眼蜂已被释放以控制亚洲玉米bore的大规模使用，部分原因是，赤眼蜂可以成功地大量繁殖于中国栎蚕（Antheraea pernyi）的卵上。测试并测试了不同寄主卵，例如Eri-蚕，Samia cynthia ricini，A。pernyi，稻蛾，Corcyra cephalonica，Angoumois谷粒蛾，Sitotroga谷类杆菌以及人工寄主卵，并成功地用于大量繁殖了各种赤眼蜂物种从那以后在中国。近年来，赤眼蜂的批量生产技术和释放技术得到了极大的提高，使赤眼蜂的生产和现场应用更加实用和经济。如今，主要在中国东北地区，每年大约有400万公顷的玉米用树突触线虫，Chirichis Trichogramma和ostriniama Trichogramma进行处理。在多年生赤眼蜂的地区，已经取得了巨大的生态和经济效益。这包括玉米地里的赤眼蜂和其他天敌的自然种群增加，避免在玉米中使用任何杀虫剂，减少了真菌毒素的污染，总体上提高了产量。防治亚洲玉米bore和其他鳞翅目害虫的赤眼蜂的释放成为中国玉米IPM的关键措施之一。赤眼蜂的应用与其他非化学防治措施相结合，对玉米病虫害IPM在中国开创了一个新时代，2006年提出了“公共植物保护，绿色植物保护”的新概念作为中国植物保护的指导方针。这篇文章还讨论了赤眼蜂应用的未来前景和挑战。

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