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首页> 外文期刊>Biological invasions >Ground-truthing the impact of invasive species: spatio-temporal overlap between native least chub and introduced western mosquitofish
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Ground-truthing the impact of invasive species: spatio-temporal overlap between native least chub and introduced western mosquitofish

机译：深入探讨入侵物种的影响：本地最小和引进的西部蚊鱼之间的时空重叠

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摘要

Western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) are one of the most destructive introduced species in the American West. The negative impact of introduced species on native taxa depends on their spatio-temporal overlap, which will determine the availability of refugia for native species. Experiments on the mechanisms underlying the interactions between introduced and native species rarely address habitat use, overlap, and refugia because individuals are confined to enclosures. In a previous study we used cages, microcosms, and aquaria to show that mosquitofish could prey on and out-compete native least chub (Iotichthys phlegethontis). In this study, we examined the spatio-temporal overlap between mosquitofish and least chub under natural conditions. We found periods of overlap and partitioning in the seasonal and diel habitat use of these species. Both species used shallow habitats during the day and night throughout the spring when least chub were spawning. Predation by adult mosquitofish on young least chub during the spring likely explains the reduction in least chub recruitment in the presence of mosquitofish. During the summer least chub avoided mosquitofish by exclusively using cooler habitats, or by occupying deeper, cooler habitats during the day when mosquitofish were active, and shallower, warmer habitats at night when mosquitofish were inactive. A shift to cooler habitats in the presence of mosquitofish may result in decreased growth and fecundity of least chub. However, we suggest that a reduction of warm shallow habitat may have a disproportionately greater negative impact on mosquitofish than species native to temperate regions, such as least chub. Habitat manipulations that reduce or eliminate warm habitats may ameliorate the harmful effects of mosquitofish and promote the long-term persistence of native taxa.
机译：西方蚊子（Gambusia affinis）是美国西部引进性最强的物种之一。外来物种对本地分类单元的负面影响取决于它们的时空重叠，这将决定本地物种避难所的可用性。关于引入物种与本地物种之间相互作用的基本机制的实验很少涉及栖息地的使用，重叠和避难，因为个体仅限于围栏。在先前的研究中，我们使用网箱，缩影和水族箱来显示蚊子可以捕食和竞争本地最小least（Iotichthys phlegethontis）。在这项研究中，我们研究了自然条件下蚊鱼和最小least之间的时空重叠。我们发现这些物种在季节性和diel栖息地的使用过程中存在重叠和分区的时期。整个春季白天和晚上，当最少的鲑鱼产卵时，这两个物种都使用了浅层栖息地。在春季，成年蚊鱼对年轻的最小的捕食可能解释了在存在蚊鱼的情况下最少的募集减少的原因。在夏季，最少的鱼可以通过仅使用凉爽的栖息地或在蚊子活跃的白天占据更深，更凉爽的栖息地而在蚊子不活动的夜晚占据较浅，温暖的栖息地来避免蚊子。在蚊虫的存在下转移到凉爽的栖息地可能会导致生长和最小and的繁殖力下降。但是，我们建议减少温暖的浅层栖息地可能比温带地区的原生物种（如最小）对蚊鱼的负面影响更大。减少或消除温暖栖息地的栖息地操作可能会减轻蚊鱼的有害影响，并促进本地类群的长期存续。

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