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首页> 外文期刊>Neurochemistry International: The International Journal for the Rapid Publication of Critical Reviews, Preliminary and Original Research Communications in Neurochemistry >Identification of a histaminergic circuit in the caudal hypothalamus: An evidence for functional heterogeneity of histaminergic neurons
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Identification of a histaminergic circuit in the caudal hypothalamus: An evidence for functional heterogeneity of histaminergic neurons

机译：尾下丘脑中组胺能回路的鉴定：组胺能神经元功能异质性的证据

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It is well established that histaminergic neurons in the posterior hypothalamus make connections with whole brain areas and regulate several functions. Recent evidence indicates that histaminergic neurons are heterogeneous cell group and organized into distinct circuits. However, functional circuits of histaminergic neurons have not been fully mapped so far. To address this issue, we have investigated antihistamine-sensitive neuronal activation in the hypothalamus to determine the hypothalamic region primarily innervated by histaminergic neurons. Here we review our recent findings showing the existence of the heterogeneous subpopulations of histaminergic neurons in the TMN that innervated distinct regions to regulate particular functions. We have identified the caudal part of the arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus (cARC) as a target region of histaminergic neurons in food-restricted rats by assessing suppression of c-Fos expression by pretreatment with antihistamines. Histaminergic neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) are morphologically subdivided into five groups (E1-E5). Among the subdivisions, the E3 group was found to be activated corresponding to the activation of cARC neurons. Our findings suggest that this subpopulation selectively innervate cARC neurons. Accumulating reports have also described c-Fos expression in other TMN subpopulations. Various stress challenge induced c-Fos expression primarily in E4 and E5 subpopulations. Motivation- and drug-induced arousal elicited in common activation of ventrolateral part of the TMN containing E1 and E2 subdivisions, which receive projections from wake-active orexin neurons and sleep-active GABA neurons. These lines of evidence support the hypothesis that there are heterogeneous subpopulations in the TMN that innervated distinct regions to regulate particular functions.
机译：众所周知，下丘脑后部的组胺能神经元与整个大脑区域建立联系并调节多种功能。最近的证据表明，组胺能神经元是异质细胞群，并组织成不同的回路。然而，到目前为止，组胺能神经元的功能电路还没有被完全绘制出来。为了解决这个问题，我们研究了下丘脑中抗组胺药敏感的神经元激活，以确定主要由组胺能神经元支配的下丘脑区域。在这里，我们回顾我们最近的发现，显示TMN中组织胺能神经元的异质亚群的存在，该亚神经支配不同区域来调节特定功能。通过评估抗组胺药对c-Fos表达的抑制作用，我们已经确定了食物受限大鼠下丘脑弓状核（cARC）的尾部是组胺能神经元的靶区域。结核母核（TMN）中的组胺能神经元在形态上分为五个组（E1-E5）。在这些细分中，E3组被激活，与cARC神经元的激活相对应。我们的发现表明，该亚群选择性地支配cARC神经元。越来越多的报道也描述了其他TMN亚群中的c-Fos表达。各种应激挑战主要在E4和E5亚群中诱导c-Fos表达。动机和药物引起的唤醒在包含E1和E2子区域的TMN腹侧部分的共同激活中引起，这些子区域接受唤醒活跃的orexin神经元和睡眠活跃的GABA神经元的投射。这些证据支持以下假设：TMN中存在异质亚群，这些亚群支配着不同区域以调节特定功能。

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