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首页> 外文期刊>Neurochemistry International: The International Journal for the Rapid Publication of Critical Reviews, Preliminary and Original Research Communications in Neurochemistry >Potassium signalling in the brain: its role in behaviour.
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Potassium signalling in the brain: its role in behaviour.

机译：钾在大脑中的信号传导：其在行为中的作用。

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This paper examines evidence that glial cells respond to changes in extracellular potassium ([K+]e) in ways that contribute to modulation of neuronal activity and thereby behaviour. Glial cells spatially (and probably directionally) redistribute potassium from regions of increasing concentration to those with a lesser concentration. This redistribution is largely responsible for slow potential shifts associated with behavioural responses of animals. These slow shifts are related in amplitude to the level of 'arousal' of an animal, and its motivational state. In addition, glia, especially astrocytes, respond to changes in [K+]e, the presence of transmitters like nor-adrenaline and glutamate and at least some hormones with changes in their metabolism and/or the morphological characteristics of the cell. The ionic, metabolic and morphological responses of glia to changes in extracellular potassium after neuronal activity have been associated with at least some forms of learning, including habituation, one trial passive avoidance learning and changes associated with enriched environments. The implication of these effects of potassium signalling in the brain is that there is considerable involvement of glia in a number of processes crucial to neuronal activity. Glia may also form another route for information distribution in the brain that is at least bi-directional, though less specific than its neuronal counterparts. It is evident that the Neuroscience of the future will have to incorporate much more study of neuron-glial interactions than hitherto.
机译：本文研究了神经胶质细胞对细胞外钾（[K +] e）的变化作出反应的证据，这些变化有助于调节神经元的活动并从而调节其行为。胶质细胞在空间上（并且可能在方向上）将钾从浓度增加的区域重新分配到浓度较低的区域。这种重新分布在很大程度上导致了与动物行为反应相关的缓慢的潜在移动。这些缓慢的变化在幅度上与动物的“觉性”水平及其动机有关。另外，神经胶质细胞，特别是星形胶质细胞，对[K +] e的变化，递质如去甲肾上腺素和谷氨酸的存在以及至少一些激素的代谢和/或细胞形态特征的变化有反应。神经元活动后神经胶质对细胞外钾变化的离子，代谢和形态反应与至少某些形式的学习有关，包括习惯化，一项试验性的被动回避学习以及与丰富环境有关的变化。钾信号传导在大脑中的这些作用暗示着胶质细胞大量参与了许多对神经元活动至关重要的过程。胶质细胞也可能形成另一种在大脑中分布信息的途径，该途径至少是双向的，尽管它的特异性低于神经元。显然，与迄今为止相比，未来的神经科学将需要更多的神经元-神经胶质相互作用研究。

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