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首页> 外文期刊>Neurochemistry International: The International Journal for the Rapid Publication of Critical Reviews, Preliminary and Original Research Communications in Neurochemistry >A glutamatergic component of lead toxicity in adult brain: the role of astrocytic glutamate transporters.
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A glutamatergic component of lead toxicity in adult brain: the role of astrocytic glutamate transporters.

机译：成年大脑中铅毒性的谷氨酸能成分：星形细胞谷氨酸转运蛋白的作用。

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Astroglial cells have a variety of roles in the central nervous system (CNS), providing a homeostasis for the proper functioning of neuronal cells. The classical view concerning the supportive role of astroglia towards associated neurons has to be extended. A great number of new evidences suggest that astrocytes interact closely with neurons being involved in the active control of neuronal activity and metabolism, forming with pre- and postsynaptic nerve terminals a tripartite synapse. Astrocytes control many aspects of brain function. Regulation of extracellular glutamate concentration, potentially neurotoxic neurotransmitter, is fundamental. Glial glutamate transporters system is of importance in protection against glutamate excitotoxicity and antioxidant defence system which is glutathione. When astrocytes fail to function properly, they influence the degree of neuronal damage. Thus, astrocytes are involved to a very great extent into numerous brain pathologies, including toxicity of heavy metals, like lead (Pb). Under pathological conditions they appear to express two opposite features: they are neuroprotective (until they can) or deleterious for neurons and may participate in neuronal damage. The very well known affinity of Pb to astroglia and the changes in glutamatergic transmission upon Pb toxicity, led us to discuss the role of astroglia and astrocytic glutamate transporters in the neurotoxicity of this metal. Our observations are viewed against a background of other results.
机译：星形胶质细胞在中枢神经系统（CNS）中具有多种作用，为神经元细胞的正常功能提供了稳态。关于星形胶质细胞对相关神经元的支持作用的经典观点必须得到扩展。大量新证据表明，星形胶质细胞与参与神经元活动和代谢的主动控制的神经元紧密相互作用，与突触前和突触后神经末梢形成三重突触。星状细胞控制大脑功能的许多方面。调节细胞外谷氨酸浓度（潜在的神经毒性神经递质）至关重要。胶质谷氨酸转运蛋白系统对于防止谷氨酸兴奋性毒性和抗氧化防御系统（谷胱甘肽）具有重要意义。当星形胶质细胞无法正常运行时，它们会影响神经元损伤的程度。因此，星形胶质细胞在很大程度上涉及许多脑部疾病，包括重金属如铅（Pb）的毒性。在病理条件下，它们似乎表现出两个相反的特征：它们具有神经保护作用（直到可能为止）或对神经元有害，并可能参与神经元损伤。 Pb对星形胶质细胞的亲和力以及Pb毒性后谷氨酸能传递的变化使我们讨论了星形胶质细胞和星形胶质谷氨酸转运蛋白在这种金属的神经毒性中的作用。我们的观察是在其他结果的背景下进行的。

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