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首页> 外文期刊>Neurochemistry International: The International Journal for the Rapid Publication of Critical Reviews, Preliminary and Original Research Communications in Neurochemistry >Activation of neural precursors in the adult neurogenic niches.
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Activation of neural precursors in the adult neurogenic niches.

机译：成年神经源性壁ches中神经前体的激活。

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摘要

The generation of new neurons within the dentate gyrus of the mature hippocampus is critical for spatial learning, object recognition and memory, whereas new neurons born in the subventricular zone (SVZ) contribute to olfactory function. Adult neurogenesis is a multistep process that begins with the activation and proliferation of a pool of stem/precursor cells. Although the presence of self-renewing and multipotent neural precursors is well established in the SVZ, it is only recently that the existence of such a precursor population has been demonstrated in the hippocampus, the region of the brain involved in learning and memory. Determining how this normally latent pool can be activated therefore offers considerable potential for the development of targeted neurogenic-based therapeutics to ameliorate the cognitive decline associated with hippocampal dysfunction in several neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarize the effects of neural activity, various molecular factors and pharmaceutical agents, as well as voluntary exercise, in activating endogenous neural precursors in the two neurogenic niches of the adult brain, and highlight the role of activation-driven enhancement of neurogenesis for the treatment of psychiatric illness and aging dementia.
机译：在成熟的海马齿状回内新神经元的生成对于空间学习，物体识别和记忆至关重要，而在脑室下区域（SVZ）出生的新神经元则有助于嗅觉功能。成人神经发生是一个多步骤过程，始于干/前体细胞池的活化和增殖。尽管在SVZ中已经很好地确定了自我更新和多能神经前体的存在，但是直到最近才在海马体（参与学习和记忆的大脑区域）中证明了这种前体种群的存在。因此，确定如何激活这种通常潜在的池可为开发靶向神经源性治疗药物以缓解与几种神经退行性疾病中海马功能障碍有关的认知能力下降提供相当大的潜力。在这篇综述中，我们总结了神经活动，各种分子因素和药剂以及自愿锻炼在激活成年大脑的两个神经源性壁ni中的内源性神经前体中的作用，并强调了激活驱动增强神经元的作用。神经发生，用于治疗精神疾病和衰老性痴呆。

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