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首页> 外文期刊>Neurochemistry International: The International Journal for the Rapid Publication of Critical Reviews, Preliminary and Original Research Communications in Neurochemistry >Ruthenium red as a tool to study calcium channels, neuronal death and the function of neural pathways.
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Ruthenium red as a tool to study calcium channels, neuronal death and the function of neural pathways.

机译：钌红是研究钙通道，神经元死亡和神经通路功能的工具。

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摘要

The inorganic polycationic dye ruthenium red (RuR) exerts several effects on the nervous system when added in physiological solutions, both in vivo and in vitro. Part of these effects, including the paralysis observed in mammals after the systemic administration of RuR, can be accounted for by the binding of RuR to nerve ending membranes, which results in inhibition of Ca2+ influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels and the consequent inhibition of neurotransmitter release. On the other hand, the administration of RuR into the cerebrospinal fluid induces intense convulsive activity, and its microinjection into the substantia nigra reticulata or the hippocampus leads to various motor behavior alterations that can be related to hyperexcitability of the neurons of the injected region. In addition, RuR penetrates the neuronal somata present in the area injected and induces cell destruction, which has been interpreted as an excitotoxic action of the dye. The penetration and the toxicity of RuR were also observed in primary neuronal cultures but did not occur in pure glial cultures, suggesting a selective action on neurons. In the present article the in vitro and in vivo effects of RuR are reviewed and discussed in terms of the usefulness of the dye as an interesting tool to study calcium channels linked to transmitter release, neuronal death mechanisms and the function of neural pathways.
机译：无机聚阳离子染料钌红（RuR）在体内和体外添加到生理溶液中后，会对神经系统产生多种影响。这些作用的一部分，包括在全身性施用RuR后在哺乳动物中观察到的瘫痪，可以通过RuR与神经末梢膜的结合来解释，这导致通过电压敏感的钙通道抑制Ca2 +流入并因此抑制了Ca2 +的流入。神经递质释放。另一方面，将RuR施用到脑脊液中会引起强烈的惊厥活动，而将其微量注射到网状黑质或海马中会导致各种运动行为改变，这可能与所注射区域神经元的过度兴奋有关。另外，RuR穿透存在于注射区域中的神经细胞体并诱导细胞破坏，这被认为是染料的兴奋性毒性作用。在原代神经元培养物中也观察到RuR的渗透性和毒性，但在纯神经胶质培养物中未观察到，提示对神经元有选择性作用。在本文中，根据染料作为研究与递质释放，神经元死亡机制和神经通路功能相关的钙通道的有趣工具的有用性，对RuR的体外和体内作用进行了综述和讨论。

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