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首页> 外文期刊>Natural Hazards >Comparison of two large earthquakes in China: the 2008 Sichuan Wenchuan Earthquake and the 2013 Sichuan Lushan Earthquake
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Comparison of two large earthquakes in China: the 2008 Sichuan Wenchuan Earthquake and the 2013 Sichuan Lushan Earthquake

机译：中国两次大地震的比较：2008年四川汶川地震和2013年四川庐山地震

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摘要

Over a period of 5 years, two large earthquakes struck Sichuan Wenchuan and Lushan successively. The two main seismic zones are only 87 km apart along the same seismic belt on the Longmenshan fault. Although there was only one magnitude of difference between the two great quakes, losses from the 2013 Lushan Earthquake were much lower than that of 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake. This study compares these disasters in terms of preparation and response in order to develop effective ways to reduce casualty and economic loss in future earthquakes. By determining what was done right after the Wenchuan Earthquake, we can better understand how to reduce future losses. This study focuses on seven factors: basic information, preparedness, government response, local residents' responses, medical rescue teams' work, earthquake-induced secondary effects, and injury character. We also recommend that three major actions should be emphasized to facilitate the most effective course of disaster planning and action. First, sufficient preparedness and strict preventive measures form the foundation to minimize damage and reduce casualties. Once the disaster had occurred, a single, well-run headquarters increases efficiency in rescue efforts. Finally, local rescue strength of both professional staff and citizens is the most critical factor to lower disaster casualties
机译：在5年的时间里，四川汶川和庐山相继发生了两次大地震。沿龙门山断裂带的同一地震带，两个主要地震带相距仅87公里。尽管两次地震之间的差异只有一个大小，但2013年庐山地震造成的损失要比2008年汶川地震的损失要低得多。这项研究从准备和响应方面比较了这些灾难，以便开发出有效的方法来减少未来地震中的人员伤亡和经济损失。通过确定汶川地震发生后的行动，我们可以更好地了解如何减少未来的损失。这项研究集中在七个因素上：基本信息，准备，政府响应，当地居民的响应，医疗救援队的工作，地震引起的次要影响和伤害特征。我们还建议应强调三项主要行动，以促进最有效的灾难计划和行动。首先，充分的准备和严格的预防措施是最大程度地减少损失和减少人员伤亡的基础。灾难一旦发生，一个运行良好的总部可以提高救援效率。最后，专业人员和市民的当地救援力量是降低灾难伤亡人数的最关键因素

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