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Dispersion modeling of volcanic ash clouds: North Pacific eruptions, the past 40 years: 1970–2010

机译:火山灰云的弥散模拟:过去40年:1970–2010年的北太平洋喷发

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Over the last 40 years, there have been numerous volcanic eruptions across the North Pacific (NOPAC) region that posed a potential threat to both local communities and transcontinental aircraft. The ability to detect these volcanic clouds using satellite remote sensing and predict their movement by dispersion modeling is a major component of hazard mitigation. The Puff volcanic ash transport and dispersion model, used by the Alaska Volcano Observatory, was used to illustrate the impact that these volcanic ash clouds have made across the NOPAC and entire Polar region over the past 40 years. Nearly, 400 separate ash clouds were analyzed that were either reported or detected to have reached above 6 km (20,000 ft) above sea level, an average of one ashcloud every 1.25 months. Particular events showed that ash clouds can be tracked from Alaska to Greenland (Crater Peak, Mount Spurr in 1992), from Kamchatka to Alaska (Kluvicheskoi Volcano in 1994), from Alaska to California (Mount Cleveland Volcano in 2001) and from multiple events within 1 day (Mount Augustine Volcano in 2006). This study showed the vast number of events that have impacted this Polar region and how tracking them is useful for hazard mitigation.
机译:在过去的40年中,北太平洋(NOPAC)地区发生了许多火山喷发,对当地社区和洲际飞机均构成了潜在威胁。利用卫星遥感探测这些火山云并通过扩散模型预测其运动的能力是减轻灾害的主要组成部分。阿拉斯加火山天文台使用的Puff火山灰运移和弥散模型用于说明这些火山灰云在过去40年中对整个NOPAC和整个极地地区产生的影响。几乎对400份单独的灰云进行了分析,报告或检测到它们已经超过海拔6公里(20,000英尺),平均每1.25个月灰烬云一次。特殊事件表明,可以追踪到从阿拉斯加到格陵兰(1992年克雷特峰,斯普尔山),从堪察加到阿拉斯加(1994年克鲁维切斯科伊火山),从阿拉斯加到加利福尼亚(2001年克利夫兰火山)的灰云。 1天(2006年奥古斯丁火山)。这项研究显示了影响该极地地区的大量事件,以及跟踪这些事件对减轻危害的作用。

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