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Distinct Eligibility Traces for LTP and LTD in Cortical Synapses

机译:皮质突触中LTP和LTD的不同资格记录

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摘要

In reward-based learning, synaptic modifications depend on a brief stimulus and a temporally delayed reward, which poses the question of how synaptic activity patterns associate with a delayed reward. A theoretical solution to this so-called distal reward problem has been the notion of activity-generated "synaptic eligibility traces,'' silent and transient synaptic tags that can be converted into long-term changes in synaptic strength by reward-linked neuromodulators. Here we report the first experimental demonstration of eligibility traces in cortical synapses. We demonstrate the Hebbian induction of distinct traces for LTP and LTD and their subsequent timing-dependent transformation into lasting changes by specific monoaminergic receptors anchored to postsynaptic proteins. Notably, the temporal properties of these transient traces allow stable learning in a recurrent neural network that accurately predicts the timing of the reward, further validating the induction and transformation of eligibility traces for LTP and LTD as a plausible synaptic substrate for reward-based learning.
机译:在基于奖励的学习中,突触修饰依赖于短暂的刺激和时间上的延迟奖励,这提出了突触活动模式如何与延迟奖励相关联的问题。解决这个所谓的远端奖赏问题的理论方法是采用活动产生的“突触资格曲线”,即无声和短暂的突触标签,可以通过与奖励相关的神经调节剂转化为突触强度的长期变化。我们报道了皮质突触中合格痕迹的第一个实验证明,证实了Lbb和LTD的不同痕迹的Hebbian诱导及其随后的时间依赖性转化,这些过程是由锚定于突触后蛋白的特定单胺能受体转变为持久变化的。这些瞬态痕迹允许在循环神经网络中进行稳定的学习,该神经网络可以准确地预测奖励的时机,从而进一步验证了LTP和LTD作为基于奖励的学习的可能的突触底物的资格踪迹的诱导和转化。

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