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bHLH factors in self-renewal, multipotency, and fate choice of neural progenitor cells

机译:bHLH因素影响神经祖细胞的自我更新,多能性和命运选择

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摘要

Multipotent neural progenitor cells (NPCs) undergo self-renewal while producing neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. These processes are controlled by multiple basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) fate determination factors, which exhibit different functions by posttranslational modifications. Furthermore, depending on the expression dynamics, each bHLH factor seems to have two contradictory functions, promoting NPC proliferation and cell-cycle exit for differentiation. The oscillatory expression of multiple bHLH factors correlates with the multipotent and proliferative state, whereas sustained expression of a selected single bHLH factor regulates the fate determination. bHLH factors also regulate direct reprogramming of adult somatic cells into neurons and oligodendrocytes. Thus, bHLH factors play key roles in development and regeneration of the nervous system. Here, we review versatile functions of bHLH factors, focusing on telencephalic development.
机译:多能神经祖细胞(NPC)在产生神经元,星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞时经历自我更新。这些过程由多个基本的螺旋-环-螺旋(bHLH)命运决定因素控制,这些因素通过翻译后修饰表现出不同的功能。此外,取决于表达动力学,每个bHLH因子似乎具有两个相互矛盾的功能,促进NPC增殖和分化的细胞周期退出。多个bHLH因子的振荡表达与多能和增殖状态相关,而选定的单个bHLH因子的持续表达调节命运的决定。 bHLH因子还调节成年体细胞直接重编程为神经元和少突胶质细胞。因此,bHLH因子在神经系统的发育和再生中起关键作用。在这里,我们回顾bHLH因子的多功能功能,着重于脑神经发育。

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