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首页> 外文期刊>Neuron >Activity-dependent validation of excitatory versus inhibitory synapses by neuroligin-1 versus neuroligin-2.
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Activity-dependent validation of excitatory versus inhibitory synapses by neuroligin-1 versus neuroligin-2.

机译:Neuroligin-1和Neuroligin-2对兴奋性突触与抑制性突触的活性依赖性验证。

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摘要

Neuroligins enhance synapse formation in vitro, but surprisingly are not required for the generation of synapses in vivo. We now show that in cultured neurons, neuroligin-1 overexpression increases excitatory, but not inhibitory, synaptic responses, and potentiates synaptic NMDAR/AMPAR ratios. In contrast, neuroligin-2 overexpression increases inhibitory, but not excitatory, synaptic responses. Accordingly, deletion of neuroligin-1 in knockout mice selectively decreases the NMDAR/AMPAR ratio, whereas deletion of neuroligin-2 selectively decreases inhibitory synaptic responses. Strikingly, chronic inhibition of NMDARs or CaM-Kinase II, which signals downstream of NMDARs, suppresses the synapse-boosting activity of neuroligin-1, whereas chronic inhibition of general synaptic activity suppresses the synapse-boosting activity of neuroligin-2. Taken together, these data indicate that neuroligins do not establish, but specify and validate, synapses via an activity-dependent mechanism, with different neuroligins acting on distinct types of synapses. This hypothesis reconciles the overexpression and knockout phenotypes and suggests that neuroligins contribute to the use-dependent formation of neural circuits.
机译:神经胶蛋白可在体外增强突触的形成,但令人惊讶的是,体内不产生突触。我们现在显示,在培养的神经元中,neuligligin-1的过表达增加了兴奋性突触反应,但没有抑制性,并增强了突触NMDAR / AMPAR的比率。相反,neuroligin-2的过表达增加抑制性突触反应,但不增加兴奋性突触反应。因此,在敲除小鼠中删除neuroligin-1有选择地降低了NMDAR / AMPAR比,而删除neuroligin-2有选择地减少了抑制性突触反应。令人惊讶的是,对NMDARs下游发出信号的NMDARs或CaM-激酶II的长期抑制会抑制Neuroligin-1的突触增强活性,而对一般突触活性的慢性抑制则会抑制Neuroligin-2的突触增强活性。综上所述,这些数据表明神经胶蛋白不是通过活动依赖的机制建立而是指定和验证突触,而不同的神经胶蛋白则作用于不同类型的突触。该假设调和了过表达和基因敲除的表型,并表明神经胶蛋白有助于神经回路的使用依赖性形成。

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