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首页> 外文期刊>Neuron >Context Processing and the Neurobiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
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Context Processing and the Neurobiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

机译：情境处理和创伤后应激障碍的神经生物学

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摘要

Progress in clinical and affective neuroscience is redefining psychiatric illness as symptomatic expression of cellular/molecular dysfunctions in specific brain circuits. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been an exemplar of this progress, with improved understanding of neurobiological systems subserving fear learning, salience detection, and emotion regulation explaining much of its phenomenology and neurobiology. However, many features remain unexplained and a parsimonious model that more fully accounts for symptoms and the core neurobiology remains elusive. Contextual processing is a key modulatory function of hippocampal-prefrontal-thalamic circuitry, allowing organisms to disambiguate cues and derive situation-specific meaning from the world. We propose that dysregulation within this context-processing circuit is at the core of PTSD pathophysiology, accounting for much of its phenomenology and most of its biological findings. Understanding core mechanisms like this, and their underlying neural circuits, will sharpen diagnostic precision and understanding of risk factors, enhancing our ability to develop preventive and "personalized" interventions.
机译：临床和情感神经科学方面的进展正在将精神疾病重新定义为特定脑回路中细胞/分子功能障碍的症状表达。创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）就是这种进步的典范，人们对神经生物学系统的了解得到了增强，从而有助于恐惧学习，显着性检测和情绪调节，从而解释了其现象学和神经生物学。但是，许多功能仍然无法解释，而简化模型可以更全面地说明症状，而核心神经生物学仍然难以捉摸。上下文处理是海马-前额-丘脑回路的关键调节功能，可让生物体消除线索的歧义并从世界中获取特定于情况的含义。我们建议在该上下文处理电路中的失调是PTSD病理生理学的核心，解释了其大部分现象学和大多数生物学发现。了解这样的核心机制及其潜在的神经回路，将提高诊断的准确性和对危险因素的理解，从而增强我们开发预防性和“个性化”干预措施的能力。

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