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首页> 外文期刊>Neuron >Extrasynaptic GABA A Receptors: Their Function in the CNS and Implications for Disease
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Extrasynaptic GABA A Receptors: Their Function in the CNS and Implications for Disease

机译：突触外GABA A受体：在中枢神经系统中的功能及其对疾病的影响

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Over the past two decades, research has identified extrasynaptic GABA A receptor populations that enable neurons to sense the low ambient GABA concentrations present in the extracellular space in order to generate a form of tonic inhibition not previously considered in studies of neuronal excitability. The importance of this tonic inhibition in regulating states of consciousness is highlighted by the fact that extrasynaptic GABA A receptors (GABA ARs) are believed to be key targets for anesthetics, sleep-promoting drugs, neurosteroids, and alcohol. The neurosteroid sensitivity of these extrasynaptic GABA ARs may explain their importance in stress-, ovarian cycle-, and pregnancy-related mood disorders. Moreover, disruptions in network dynamics associated with schizophrenia, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease may well involve alterations in the tonic GABA AR-mediated conductance. Extrasynaptic GABA ARs may therefore present a therapeutic target for treatment of these diseases, with the potential to enhance cognition and aid poststroke functional recovery.
机译：在过去的二十年中，研究已经确定了突触外GABA A受体群体，使神经元能够感知细胞外空间中存在的低环境GABA浓度，从而产生一种在神经元兴奋性研究中以前未曾考虑过的强直抑制作用。突触外GABA A受体（GABA ARs）被认为是麻醉药，促进睡眠的药物，神经固醇和酒精的关键靶标，这一事实突显了这种强直抑制作用在调节意识状态中的重要性。这些突触外GABA AR的神经甾体敏感性可能解释了它们在压力，卵巢周期和妊娠相关情绪障碍中的重要性。此外，与精神分裂症，癫痫和帕金森氏病相关的网络动力学的破坏很可能涉及滋补GABA AR介导的电导的改变。因此，突触外GABA ARs可能成为治疗这些疾病的治疗靶标，具有增强认知能力和促进中风后功能恢复的潜力。

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