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首页> 外文期刊>Neuron >Neuronal Dynamics and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Toward a Translational Paradigm for Dysfunctional Large-Scale Networks
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Neuronal Dynamics and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Toward a Translational Paradigm for Dysfunctional Large-Scale Networks

机译：神经元动力学和神经精神疾病：走向功能失调的大型网络的转换范例。

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摘要

In recent years, numerous studies have tested the relevance of neural oscillations in neuropsychiatric conditions, highlighting the potential role of changes in temporal coordination as a pathophysiological mechanism in brain disorders. In the current review, we provide an update on this hypothesis because of the growing evidence that temporal coordination is essential for the context and goal-dependent, dynamic formation of large-scale cortical networks. We shall focus on issues that we consider particularly promising for a translational research program aimed at furthering our understanding of the origins of neuropsychiatric disorders and the development of effective therapies. We will focus on schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) to highlight important issues and challenges for the implementation of such an approach. Specifically, we will argue that deficits in temporal coordination lead to a disruption of functional large-scale networks, which in turn can account for several specific dysfunctions associated with these disorders. Uhlhaas and Singer review the evidence for dysfunctions in neuronal dynamics in autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. They argue that the pathophysiology of these disorders involves crucially aberrant neural synchrony related to changes in the excitatory-inhibitory balance.
机译：近年来，许多研究已经测试了神经振荡在神经精神疾病中的相关性，强调了时间协调变化作为脑部疾病的病理生理机制的潜在作用。在当前的综述中，由于越来越多的证据表明时间协调对于大规模皮层网络的背景和目标相关的动态形成至关重要，因此我们提供了有关该假设的最新信息。我们将专注于我们认为对翻译研究计划特别有希望的问题，旨在进一步了解神经精神疾病的起源和有效疗法的发展。我们将专注于精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD），以强调实施这种方法的重要问题和挑战。具体来说，我们将辩称，时间协调的缺陷会导致功能性大型网络的破坏，而后者又可以解释与这些疾病相关的几种特定的功能障碍。 Uhlhaas和Singer审查了自闭症谱系障碍和精神分裂症神经元动力学功能障碍的证据。他们认为，这些疾病的病理生理学涉及与兴奋性-抑制性平衡变化有关的极其严重的神经同步性。

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