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Fast and slow contrast adaptation in retinal circuitry.

机译:视网膜电路的快速和慢速对比度适应。

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摘要

The visual system adapts to the magnitude of intensity fluctuations, and this process begins in the retina. Following the switch from a low-contrast environment to one of high contrast, ganglion cell sensitivity declines in two distinct phases: a fast change occurs in <0.1 s, and a slow decrease over approximately 10 s. To examine where these modulations arise, we recorded intracellularly from every major cell type in the salamander retina. Certain bipolar and amacrine cells, and all ganglion cells, adapted to contrast. Generally, these neurons showed both fast and slow adaptation. Fast effects of a contrast increase included accelerated kinetics, decreased sensitivity, and a depolarization of the baseline membrane potential. Slow adaptation did not affect kinetics, but produced a gradual hyperpolarization. This hyperpolarization can account for slow adaptation in the spiking output of ganglion cells.
机译:视觉系统适应强度波动的幅度,该过程始于视网膜。从低对比度环境切换到高对比度之一后,神经节细胞的敏感性在两个不同的阶段下降:<0.1 s发生快速变化,而大约10 s缓慢下降。为了检查这些调节在哪里发生,我们在sal视网膜中的每种主要细胞类型中进行了细胞内记录。某些双极和无长突细胞以及所有神经节细胞都适应了对比。通常,这些神经元显示出快速适应和缓慢适应。造影剂增加的快速效果包括动力学加速,灵敏度降低和基线膜电位去极化。缓慢的适应不会影响动力学,但会产生逐渐的超极化。这种超极化可以解释神经节细胞的峰值输出中的缓慢适应。

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