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Polyglutamine Pathogenesis. Emergence of Unifying Mechanisms for Huntington's Disease and Related Disorders.

机译:聚谷氨酰胺的发病机制。亨廷顿舞蹈病和相关疾病统一机制的出现。

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摘要

The mechanisms of neurodegeneration in the CAG repeat polyglutamine diseases, including Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (SBMA), Huntington's disease (HD), DentatoRubral and PallidoLuysian Atrophy (DRPLA), and Spino-Cerebellar Ataxia (SCA), have been controversial. Issues have included the role of polyglutamine aggregation and possible amyloid formation, localization in the cell nucleus, and possible proteolytic processing. Proposed mechanisms have included activation of caspases or other triggers of apoptosis, mitochondrial or metabolic toxicity, and interference with gene transcription. Recent studies using transgenic mouse and Drosophila models have helped resolve some of these issues and raise hopes for development of therapeutic targets.
机译:CAG重复性多谷氨酰胺疾病的神经退行性机制一直存在争议,包括脊髓和球茎肌萎缩症(SBMA),亨廷顿舞蹈病(HD),DentatoRubral和PallidoLuysian萎缩症(DRPLA)和脊髓小脑性共济失调(SCA)。问题包括聚谷氨酰胺聚集的作用和可能的淀粉样蛋白的形成,在细胞核中的定位以及可能的蛋白水解过程。拟议的机制包括激活胱天蛋白酶或凋亡的其他触发因素,线粒体或代谢毒性,以及干扰基因转录。最近使用转基因小鼠和果蝇模型的研究已经帮助解决了其中一些问题,并为开发治疗靶标带来了希望。

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