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Von Economo Neurons in the Anterior Insula of the Macaque Monkey

机译:猕猴前绝缘中的Von Economo神经元

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摘要

The anterior insular cortex (AIC) and its unique spindle-shaped von Economo neuron (VEN) emerged within the last decade as having a potentially major role in self-awareness and social cognition in humans. Invasive examination of the VEN has been precluded so far by the assumption that this neuron occurs among primates exclusively in humans and great apes. Here, we demonstrate the presence of the VEN in the agranular anterior insula of the macaque monkey. The morphology, size, laminar distribution, and proportional distribution of the monkey VEN suggest that it is at least a primal anatomical homolog of the human VEN. This finding sheds new light on the phylogeny of the VEN and AIC. Most importantly, it offers new and much-needed opportunities to investigate the primal connections and physiology of a neuron that could be crucial for human self-awareness, social cognition, and related neuropsychiatric disorders. The von Economo neuron (VEN) in the anterior insula has been proposed to play a role in self-awareness and social cognition but had been presumed to occur only in humans and great apes. Evrard et al. demonstrate anatomical evidence for a macaque VEN, opening the way for functional tests of its role in cognition.
机译:前岛叶皮质(AIC)及其独特的纺锤状von Economo神经元(VEN)在过去的十年中出现,在人类的自我意识和社会认知中具有潜在的重要作用。迄今为止,通过假定该神经元仅在人类和大猿类的灵长类动物中发生,就排除了对VEN的侵入式检查。在这里,我们证明了猕猴的前颗粒状岛中存在VEN。猴子VEN的形态,大小,层流分布和比例分布表明,它至少是人类VEN的原始解剖同源物。这一发现为VEN和AIC的系统发育提供了新的思路。最重要的是,它提供了新的和迫切需要的机会来研究神经元的原始连接和生理学,这对于人类的自我意识,社会认知以及相关的神经精神疾病至关重要。已经提出前岛中的von Economo神经元(VEN)在自我意识和社会认知中起作用,但据推测仅在人类和大猿猴中发生。 Evrard等。证明了猕猴VEN的解剖学证据,为对其在认知中的作用进行功能测试开辟了道路。

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