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首页> 外文期刊>Neurobiology of Aging: Experimental and Clinical Research >Cholesterol in neurologic disorders of the elderly: stroke and Alzheimer's disease.
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Cholesterol in neurologic disorders of the elderly: stroke and Alzheimer's disease.

机译：老年人神经系统疾病中的胆固醇：中风和阿尔茨海默氏病。

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摘要

Mechanisms for the regulation of intracellular cholesterol levels in various types of brain and vascular cells are of considerable importance in our understanding of the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, particularly atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is increasingly clear that conversion of brain cholesterol into 24-hydroxycholesterol and its subsequent release into the periphery is important for the maintenance of brain cholesterol homeostasis. Recent studies have shown elevated plasma concentrations of 24-hydroxycholesterol in patients with AD and vascular dementia, suggesting increased brain cholesterol turnover during neurodegeneration. The oxygenases involved in the degradation and excretion of cholesterol, including the cholesterol 24-hydroxylase and the 27-hydroxylase, are enzymes of the cytochrome P-450 family. This review focuses on the newly recognized importance of cholesterol and its oxygenated metabolites in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and AD. The reduction in stroke and AD risk in patients treated with cholesterol-lowering statins is also discussed.
机译：在我们理解各种疾病，尤其是动脉粥样硬化和阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）的发病机理中，调节各种类型的大脑和血管细胞中细胞内胆固醇水平的机制非常重要。越来越清楚的是，脑胆固醇向24-羟基胆固醇的转化及其随后释放到周围对于维持脑胆固醇稳态至关重要。最近的研究表明，患有AD和血管性痴呆的患者血浆中24-羟基胆固醇的浓度升高，提示神经变性期间脑胆固醇代谢增加。涉及胆固醇降解和排泄的加氧酶，包括胆固醇24-羟化酶和27-羟化酶，是细胞色素P-450家族的酶。这项审查集中在胆固醇和其氧化代谢产物在缺血性中风和AD的发病机理中新认识的重要性。还讨论了降低他汀类药物治疗的患者卒中和AD风险的降低。

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