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首页> 外文期刊>Neurosurgery >Human horns: a historical review and clinical correlation.
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Human horns: a historical review and clinical correlation.

机译：人的角：历史回顾和临床关联。

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OBJECTIVE: Accounts of bony human horns originating from the cranium are found peppered throughout the early medical literature. This study reviews the extant literature regarding these entities to elucidate their authenticity. METHODS: We reviewed both historical and current literature as well as osteological material from our anatomy laboratories for accounts or observations of bony outgrowths of the calvaria in humans. RESULTS: Human horns seem to be mentioned more frequently in the historical literature and are documented primarily with drawings. Moreover, from early accounts, it is often difficult to distinguish true large bony outgrowths from scalp excrescences. Only two cadaveric specimens from our laboratory were noted to have small anomalous bony protuberances, one on the occiput and one on the frontal bone. CONCLUSION: With the lack of either photographic or extreme dry specimen evidence of such human horns, we would propose that benign calvarial tumors, such as osteomas, may have initiated speculation that such entities, i.e., horns, exist in humans but that scalp lesions, exaggeration, legend, and religious beliefs have historically propagated these entities to a mythical status. In addition, early surgical intervention and changes in nomenclature may have also decreased the frequency of such sightings. Finally, many early descriptions have not been repeated in recent history, even in third-world countries lacking advanced medical care.
机译：目的：在整个早期医学文献中都发现了源自颅骨的骨性人角。这项研究回顾了有关这些实体的现有文献，以阐明其真实性。方法：我们回顾了历史和最新文献以及来自解剖学实验室的骨科材料，以解释或观察人类颅骨骨长出的情况。结果：在历史文献中似乎经常提到人的角，并且主要通过图纸进行记录。而且，从早期记录中，通常很难将真正的大骨产物与头皮脱落区分开。我们实验室中只有两个尸体标本具有小的异常骨突起，一个在枕骨上，一个在额骨上。结论：由于缺乏有关此类人类角的照相或极端干燥的证据，我们建议良性颅骨肿瘤（例如骨瘤）可能引发了这样的推测，即人体中存在此类实体，即角，但头皮病变，夸张，传说和宗教信仰在历史上曾将这些实体传播为神话。另外，早期的外科手术干预和术语的改变也可能减少了这种发现的频率。最后，即使在缺乏高级医疗服务的第三世界国家，最近的历史也没有重复许多早期的描述。

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