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On the ionospheric coupling of auroral electric fields

机译：关于极光电场的电离层耦合

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摘要

The quasi-static coupling of high-altitude potential structures and electric fields to the ionosphere is discussed with particular focus on the downward field-aligned current (FAC) region. Results are presented from a preliminary analysis of a selection of electric field events observed by Cluster above the acceleration region. The degree of coupling is here estimated as the ratio between the magnetic field-aligned potential drop, δφII, as inferred from the characteristic energy of upward ion (electron) beams for the upward (downward) current region and the high-altitude perpendicular (to B) potential, δφ, as calculated by integrating the perpendicular electric field across the structure. For upward currents, the coupling can be expressed analytically, using the linear current-voltage relation, as outlined by Weimer et al. (1985). This gives a scale size dependent coupling where structures are coupled (decoupled) above (below) a critical scale size. For downward currents, the currentvoltage relation is highly non-linear which complicates the understanding of how the coupling works. Results from this experimental study indicate that small-scale structures are decoupled, similar to small-scale structures in the upward current region. There are, however, exceptions to this rule as illustrated by Cluster results of small-scale intense electric fields, correlated with downward currents, indicating a perfect coupling between the ionosphere and Cluster altitude.
机译：讨论了高空电势结构和电场与电离层的准静态耦合，尤其着重于向下的场对准电流（FAC）区域。初步分析了簇在加速区域上方观察到的电场事件，得出了结果。耦合度在此估算为磁场对准的电位降δφII之比，该比值由向上（向下）电流区域的向上离子（电子）束的特征能量和垂直于（ B）电势δφ，通过对整个结构的垂直电场进行积分计算得出。对于向上的电流，可以使用线性电流-电压关系来解析地表示耦合，如Weimer等人所述。 （1985）。这给出了取决于尺度尺寸的耦合，其中结构在临界尺度尺寸之上（之下）被耦合（解耦）。对于向下的电流，电流电压关系是高度非线性的，这使得对耦合如何工作的理解变得复杂。该实验研究的结果表明，小规模结构是解耦的，类似于向上电流区域中的小规模结构。但是，此规则有例外，如小规模强电场的簇结果与向下的电流相关，说明电离层和簇高度之间存在完美的耦合。

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