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首页> 外文期刊>North American Journal of Fisheries Management >Influence of river level on temperature and hydraulic gradients in chum and fall Chinook salmon spawning areas downstream of Bonneville Dam, Columbia river
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Influence of river level on temperature and hydraulic gradients in chum and fall Chinook salmon spawning areas downstream of Bonneville Dam, Columbia river

机译：河流水位对哥伦比亚河邦纳维尔大坝下游奇努克鲑鱼产卵区和秋努克鲑鱼产卵区温度和水力梯度的影响

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摘要

Chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and fall Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha segregate spatially during spawning in the Ives Island side channel of the lower Columbia River downstream from Bonneville Dam. Previous research during one spawning season (2000) suggested that these species selected spawning habitats based on differences in hyporheic temperature and vertical hydraulic gradient (VHG). In this study we confirmed the spatial segregation of spawning based on hypotheic characteristics over 4 years (2001-2004) and examined the effects of load-following operations (power generation to meet short-term electrical demand) at Bonneville Dam on hyporheic function and characteristics. We found that during the study period hyporheic temperature and VHG in chum salmon spawning areas were highly variable during periods of load-following operation, when river levels fluctuated. In contrast, hyporheic water temperature and VHG within chum salmon spawning areas fluctuated less when river levels were not changing owing to load-following operation. Variable temperature and VHG could affect chum and fall Chinook salmon spawning segregation and incubation success by altering the cues each species uses to select redd sites. Additional research will be required to fully assess the effects of load-following operations on the hyporheic environment, spawning site selection, and incubation success of chum and fall Chinook salmon downstream from Bonneville Dam.
机译：在邦纳维尔水坝下游的哥伦比亚河下游的艾夫斯岛侧河道产卵期间，密友鲑Oncorhynchus keta和秋季奇努克鲑O. tshawytscha在空间上分离。先前在一个产卵季节（2000年）进行的研究表明，这些物种根据流变温度和垂直水力梯度（VHG）的差异选择产卵栖息地。在这项研究中，我们基于4年（2001-2004年）的假设特征确认了产卵的空间隔离，并研究了Bonneville大坝的负荷跟随操作（发电以满足短期电力需求）对流变功能和特征的影响。我们发现，在研究期间，当水位波动时，在负荷跟踪操作期间，鲑鱼产卵区的低温温度和VHG高度可变。相反，当鲑鱼产卵区的低水温和VHG在由于负荷跟踪操作而河水位没有变化时波动较小。可变的温度和VHG可能会通过改变每种物种用于选择变红部位的提示来影响杂种和秋天的奇努克鲑鱼产卵分离和孵化成功。需要进一步的研究，以充分评估负荷跟踪操作对流变环境的影响，产卵地点的选择以及在邦纳维尔大坝下游的Chumook和Chinook鲑鱼的孵化成功率。

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