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首页> 外文期刊>North American Journal of Fisheries Management >Nonchemical Eradication of an Introduced Trout from a Headwater Complex in Banff National Park, Canada
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Nonchemical Eradication of an Introduced Trout from a Headwater Complex in Banff National Park, Canada

机译：从加拿大班夫国家公园的水源中心引进的鳟鱼进行非化学根除

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摘要

Nonnative salmonids have been intentionally introduced in North America for over a century and are now implicated in the decline of native aquatic species. Current management objectives for some national parks are to remove invasive species, where feasible. We evaluated the use of mechanical methods (gill nets and electrofishing) to eliminate a naturalized population of nonnative Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis in a subalpine headwater basin. We required a total of 1,383 continuous net nights/ha (net nights = number of nets x number of nights) over 5 years to completely eradicate 1,527 Brook Trout from both Lower (9.7 ha; 6 m maximum depth) and Middle (23.1 ha; 25 m maximum depth) Devon Lakes, Alberta, Canada. Electrofishing along the shoreline of both lakes resulted in the capture of 301 Brook Trout over 4 years. We required a total of 52.1 h/km of electrofishing over 5 years to completely remove 3,288 Brook Trout from the upper 4.5 km of the Clearwater River. We verified the absence of fish in the lakes with 1,558 net nights/ha of sampling over 4 years and in the river with 13.6 h/km over 2 years. This project confirms that mechanical methods are a viable option for removing introduced fish, even in relatively large (up to 20 ha) and deep (up to 25 m) mountain lakes. We surmised that our success (relative to that of projects described in the literature) was due to (1) the relatively simple alpine habitat, in which river and lake margins were clear of macrophytes, suspended sediment, and overhanging riparian vegetation, and (2) the sheer magnitude of our effort.
机译：在北美有意引进非本地鲑鱼已有一个多世纪，现在它们与本地水生物种的减少有关。一些国家公园目前的管理目标是在可行的情况下消除入侵物种。我们评估了使用机械方法（刺网和电捕鱼）消除亚高山源水盆地中非本地化的布鲁克鳟鳟的行为。我们需要在5年中总共进行1,383次连续净夜/公顷（净夜=蚊子数x夜数），才能从下部（9.7公顷;最大深度6 m）和中部（23.1公顷;中部深度）完全消灭1,527鳟鱼。最大深度25 m）加拿大艾伯塔省德文郡湖。沿两个湖泊的海岸线进行电钓导致在4年内捕获了301条鳟鱼。在5年内，我们总共需要进行52.1小时/公里的电钓鱼，才能从克利尔沃特河上游4.5公里处完全清除3288头鳟鱼。我们验证了在4年的采样中，湖泊的净捕鱼量为1558净夜/公顷，而在2年的采样率为13.6 h / km的河流中，没有鱼类。该项目证实，即使在相对较大（至多20公顷）和深水（至多25 m）的高山湖泊中，机械方法也是去除引进鱼类的可行选择。我们推测我们的成功（相对于文献中描述的项目而言）是由于（1）相对简单的高山生境，其中河流和湖泊边缘没有大型植物，悬浮的沉积物和悬垂的河岸植被，以及（2） ）我们付出的巨大努力。

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