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首页> 外文期刊>Catena: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Soil Science Hydrology-Geomorphology Focusing on Geoecology and Landscape Evolution >Boundary conditions of morphodynamic processes in the Mura River in Slovenia.
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Boundary conditions of morphodynamic processes in the Mura River in Slovenia.

机译：斯洛文尼亚穆拉河的形态动力学过程的边界条件。

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摘要

Many alpine gravel-bed rivers have been altered in the past due to human interventions. A typical transboundary alpine river in Central Europe flowing over Austria, Slovenia, Croatia and Hungary is the Mura River (length: 465 km, catchment area: 14,304 km2). The main problem of the river before leaving Austria is bed degradation (average 0.5 m from 1970 to 2000) as a combined consequence of river regulation works and the reduced sediment supply from the upstream reaches due to the construction of hydro power plants. River restoration measures for the river reach on the border between Austria and Slovenia (SLO-A Mura reach) were proposed in 2000 to support both ecological and flood protection purposes that apply the concept "of self-restoration". In order to apply similar process-oriented restoration strategies in the Mura River downstream in Slovenia, we consider the potentials for self-forming river processes. We have analysed the sediment granulometry and morphology of the Mura River in Slovenia, and discussed morphodynamic processes to detect potential for the Mura River recovery into a more diverse morphological structure. The cross section area increased by 8% between 1979 and 2005 on average, mainly due to riverbed degradation. On average, the thalweg of the Mura riverbed in Slovenia had degraded by 0.28 m in the 1979-2007 period, with the highest degradation of 2.28 m in one cross section and some cross sections being stable. The high river degradation trend from the SLO-A Mura reach is slowly shifting to the downstream direction into the Mura River in Slovenia. Nevertheless, the clear downstream coarsening of river sediments turns into the normal trend of sediment fining in the Mura River reach in Slovenia. The "self-restoration" potential in the Mura River reach in Slovenia is larger than on the SLO-A Mura reach due to still active morphological fluvial processes. These processes can be enhanced by the inflow of fresh coarse sediments from the SLO-A Mura reach, where active measures for re-establishing sediment transport are under way. In the long term, this will not work as proposed, if no sediment inflow is re-established from the Mura headwaters in Austria.
机译：过去，由于人为干预，许多高山砾石床河已被改变。穆拉河（全长465公里，集水面积：14,304公里 2 ）是流经奥地利，斯洛文尼亚，克罗地亚和匈牙利的中欧典型跨界高山河流。离开奥地利之前，这条河的主要问题是河床退化（1970年至2000年平均0.5 m），这是河道整治工作和水力发电厂建设导致上游河段沉积物供应减少的综合结果。为支持采用“自我修复”概念的生态和防洪目的，2000年提出了针对奥地利和斯洛文尼亚之间边界的河道的河流恢复措施（SLO-A Mura河段）。为了在斯洛文尼亚下游的穆拉河中采用类似的面向过程的恢复策略，我们考虑了自形成河过程的潜力。我们分析了斯洛文尼亚穆拉河的沉积物粒度和形态，并讨论了形态动力学过程，以检测穆拉河恢复为更多样化形态结构的潜力。 1979年至2005年间，断面面积平均增加了8％，这主要是由于河床退化所致。平均而言，斯洛文尼亚Mura河床的海藻在1979-2007年期间退化了0.28 m，其中一个横截面的最大退化为2.28 m，某些横截面是稳定的。 SLO-A Mura河段的河流高度退化趋势正在缓慢地向下游方向转移至斯洛文尼亚的Mura河。然而，斯洛文尼亚穆拉河河段下游明显的下游沉积物粗化变成了细化泥沙的正常趋势。斯洛文尼亚穆拉河河段的“自我恢复”潜力大于SLO-A穆拉河河段，这是由于形态河床活动仍然活跃。来自SLO-A Mura河段的新鲜粗大沉积物的流入可以加强这些过程，那里正在采取积极措施来恢复沉积物的运输。从长远来看，如果没有从奥地利的穆拉源头恢复任何沉积物的流入，这将无法按提议进行。

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