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首页> 外文期刊>Catena: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Soil Science Hydrology-Geomorphology Focusing on Geoecology and Landscape Evolution >Late Quaternary alluvial fans and paleosols of the Kangra basin, NW Himalaya: tectonic and paleoclimatic implications.
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Late Quaternary alluvial fans and paleosols of the Kangra basin, NW Himalaya: tectonic and paleoclimatic implications.

机译：喜马拉雅西北部坎格拉盆地的第四纪晚期冲积扇和古土壤：构造和古气候的意义。

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The paper describes Late Quaternary pedosedimentary sequences of the alluvial fans from the Kangra basin of NW Himalayas for tectonic and paleoclimatic implications. In the proximal part of the Kangra basin three coalescing alluvial fans, namely Rait-Rihlu fans (~65 km2), Kangra fans (~200 km2), and Palampur fans (~170 km2) from west to east evolved due to reactivation of longitudinal and transverse faults and climatic changes during the Late Quaternary. The fans are characterised by subsidence of Rait-Rihlu fans, uplift of Kangra fans and tilting of Palampur fans. The thick (~90 m) pedosedimentary sequences exposed along the rivers characterise the dominant formative processes over the fans. The stream flow sediments dominate the Rait-Rihlu fans, whereas the debris flow sediments dominate the Kangra and Palampur fans. The fan sequences are also marked by the formation of strongly developed paleosols on loess (L1-L3 loess paleosols) and weakly developed paleosols on fluvial deposits in response to the tectonics and climate change in NW Himalayas. Formation of the loess in proximal and distal settings of the alluvial fans is related to the cool-dry climates during the advance of glaciers in the adjoining areas at 78 ka, 44 ka, 30 ka and 20 ka when climate was approaching towards the last glacial maxima. Field characters, micromorphology, grain size and clay minerals of these loessic deposits suggest strong pedogenesis of the loess during a warm-humid climate after the retreat of glaciers in the NW Himalayan region and are likely related to marine isotope stages (MIS4/5 in proximal and MIS2/3 in distal). The loess-paleosols show some degree of syndepositional pedogenesis in upper horizons and are accretionary in nature. Weakly expressed pedogenic features in fluvial and debris flow deposits suggest rapid sedimentation over unstable surfaces related to the reactivation of Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) and other regional faults.
机译：本文描述了喜马拉雅西北部康格拉盆地冲积扇的第四纪晚期沉积序列，对构造和古气候具有重要意义。在Kangra盆地的近端，三个联合冲积扇，即Rait-Rihlu扇（〜65 km 2 ），Kangra扇（〜200 km 2 ）和Palampur第四纪晚期，由于纵向和横向断层的重新激活以及气候的变化，从西向东的扇形（〜170 km 2 ）演化。风扇的特点是Rait-Rihlu风扇沉陷，Kangra风扇隆起和Palampur风扇倾斜。沿河露出的厚（约90 m）pedosedimentary序列表征了风扇上的主要形成过程。溪流沉积物在Rait-Rihlu风机中占主导地位，而泥石流沉积物在Kangra和Palampur风机中占主导地位。响应于西北喜马拉雅山脉的构造和气候变化，扇形序列的特征还包括在黄土上形成强烈发展的古土壤（L1-L3黄土古土壤）和在河流沉积物上形成弱的古土壤。冲积扇近端和远端环境中黄土的形成与临近末次冰期的冰川在78ka，44ka，30ka和20ka处冰川前进期间的凉爽气候有关。最大值。这些黄土沉积物的田间特征，微观形貌，粒度和粘土矿物表明，西北喜马拉雅山地区冰川退缩后，在温暖湿润的气候期间，黄土强烈成岩作用，并且可能与海洋同位素阶段有关（近地的MIS4 / 5）和远端的MIS2 / 3）。黄土古土壤在较高层位显示一定程度的同沉积成岩作用，并且在性质上是增生性的。在河流和泥石流沉积物中弱表达的成岩特征表明与主边界推力（MBT）和其他区域性断层的复活有关的不稳定表面上的快速沉积。

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