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首页> 外文期刊>Nuclear physics news: a publication of NuPECC and EPS-NPB >Giant Resonance Overtones: Compression Modes of the Nucleus
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Giant Resonance Overtones: Compression Modes of the Nucleus

机译：巨共振音：核的压缩模式。

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摘要

Giant resonances are high-frequency collective excitations of atomic nuclei, the occurrence of which is a typical phenomenon in many-body quantum systems confined in a potential well [1]. In hydrodynamic models, giant resonances can be described as density and shape oscillations around the ground-state density distribution and shape. Such collective excitations of a nucleus may, similarly to other media with given boundary conditions, exhibit standing wave oscillations with a discrete series of frequencies as solutions of the applied wave equations. In this simple picture, most of the giant resonances studied extensively so far can be associated with the lowest energy, leading-order solutions (main tone). Giant resonances corresponding to higher-order solutions (overtones) have not been identified, except for the special cases of the isoscalar giant monopole (ISGMR) and isoscalar giant dipole (ISGDR) resonances, where excitation of the main-tone components is physically forbidden. Strong evidence for the overtone mode of the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance, which is denoted as ISGQR2, has been found in our experiments [2,3], which is highly supported by predictions of recent RPA calculations [4]. Moreover, the microscopic structures of high-energy isoscalar giant resonances have been studied through measurements of direct particle decay, and in the case of the ISGDR for the first time in our measurements of such branching ratios.
机译：巨共振是原子核的高频集体激发，这种现象的发生是在势阱中多体量子系统中的典型现象[1]。在流体动力学模型中，巨共振可以描述为基态密度分布和形状周围的密度和形状振荡。类似于其他具有给定边界条件的介质，原子核的这种集体激发可以表现出具有离散频率序列的驻波振荡，作为所施加波动方程的解。在这张简单的图片中，到目前为止，已广泛研究的大多数巨大共振都可能与能量最低的前导解（主音）相关。除了等比例的巨型单极子（ISGMR）和等比例的巨型偶极子（ISGDR）共振的特殊情况外，尚未识别出与高阶解（泛音）相对应的巨型共振，在这种情况下，实际上禁止了主音成分的激励。在我们的实验中[2,3]发现了等量超大四极共振的泛音模式的有力证据[2,3]，最近的RPA计算预测对此提供了有力支持[4]。此外，已经通过直接粒子衰变的测量研究了高能等标量巨共振的微观结构，并且在我们对这种支化比的测量中，对于ISGDR来说，这是首次。

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