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首页> 外文期刊>Catena: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Soil Science Hydrology-Geomorphology Focusing on Geoecology and Landscape Evolution >Nutrient losses by wind and water, measurements and modelling.
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Nutrient losses by wind and water, measurements and modelling.

机译：因风和水，测量和建模而造成的营养损失。

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摘要

In the Sahelian zone of West-Africa, erosion by both wind and water causes a serious decline in fertility of the already low fertile soils. Despite the fact that the flow of nutrients has been intensively investigated by the use of nutrient balances, little attention has been paid to the contribution of the soil erosion to the nutrient balance. Two physically based models (WEPS and EUROSEM, both written in PCRaster) were extended with nutrient modules to investigate the role of wind and water erosion in the loss and gain of nutrients at the scale of a Sahelian field. The models are applied at three geomorphic units in the Katchari catchment in northern Burkina Faso. WEPS can predict spatial patterns of erosion and deposition due to wind-blown particle transport. Depending on wind direction, crusting and vegetation cover net erosion or deposition can occur. When erosion occurs considerable amounts of nutrients are lost, but when deposition occurs, most of these nutrients may be regained. Soil loss by water erosion is closely related to the crust type present, which regulates infiltration and thus runoff. Nutrient losses by water erosion are small compared with those by wind erosion, but are forever lost for the area. Sediment transport by wind in saltation mode results in the largest soil and nutrient loss at the time scale of an event..
机译：在西非的萨赫勒地区，风和水的侵蚀导致本已贫瘠的肥沃土壤的肥力严重下降。尽管通过使用养分平衡对养分流进行了深入研究，但很少有人关注土壤侵蚀对养分平衡的影响。通过营养模块扩展了两个基于物理的模型（WEPS和EUROSEM，均由PCRaster编写），以研究风蚀和水蚀在萨赫勒地区的营养损失和获取中的作用。该模型应用于布基纳法索北部Katchari流域的三个地貌单元。 WEPS可以预测由于风吹颗粒传输而引起的侵蚀和沉积的空间模式。根据风向，结皮和植被可能会发生净侵蚀或沉积。当侵蚀发生时，大量的养分流失了，但是当沉积发生时，这些养分中的大多数可以重新获得。水蚀造成的土壤流失与现存的地壳类型密切相关，地壳类型可调节入渗并进而调节径流。与风蚀相比，水蚀造成的养分损失很小，但在该地区却永远流失。在事件发生的时间尺度上，风以盐分方式沉积的泥沙导致最大的土壤和养分流失。

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