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首页> 外文期刊>Nuclear Physics, A: Journal Devoted to the Experimental Study of the Fundamental Constituents of Matter and Their Actions >Charged-particle evaporation and pre-equilibrium emission in 1.2 GeV proton-induced spallation reactions
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Charged-particle evaporation and pre-equilibrium emission in 1.2 GeV proton-induced spallation reactions

机译：1.2 GeV质子诱发的散裂反应中的带电粒子蒸发和平衡前发射

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摘要

Absolute cross sections, energy spectra, and angular distributions have been measured for H-1,H-2,H-3, He-3,He-4,He-6, Li-6,Li-7,Li-8,Li-9 and Be-7,Be-9,Be-10 isotopes produced in 1.2 GeV proton-induced spallation reactions with tar gets between Al and Th. Results Of Simulation calculations with the intra-nuclear cascade code INCL2.0 coupled to the statistical model GEMINI are in good agreement with these data, as to charged-particle evaporation, mean excitation energy, and mean linear momentum transfer. The pre-equilibriLlin emission of composite particles, not accounted for in these simulations, however, typically contributes to the total Production Of composite particles by 40-60% for H-2 and He-3, 20-40% for H-3, 5-20% for He-4, and about 15-25% for Li and Be. The composite pre-equilibriurn particles together carry off a mean energy Of LIP to 50 MeV, i.e., about 30% compared to the inean energy released by particle evaporation. For deuterons, pre-equilibrium emission is shown to be well described by surface coalescence while definitely other mechanisms are required for He-4 and heavier clusters. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All riahts reserved.
机译：测量了H-1，H-2，H-3，He-3，He-4，He-6，Li-6，Li-6，Li-7，Li-8的绝对截面，能谱和角度分布，在1.2 GeV质子引起的与焦油的散裂反应中产生的Li-9和Be-7，Be-9，Be-10同位素介于Al和Th之间。将核内级联代码INCL2.0耦合到统计模型GEMINI的模拟计算结果与这些数据在带电粒子蒸发，平均激发能和平均线性动量传递方面非常吻合。在这些模拟中未考虑到复合颗粒的平衡前排放，但通常会导致H-2和He-3复合颗粒的总产量增加40-60％，H-3占20-40％， He-4占5-20％，Li和Be占15-25％。复合的预平衡颗粒一起释放出LIP的平均能量为50 MeV，即与通过颗粒蒸发释放的能量相比，约30％。对于氘核来说，表面平衡可以很好地描述平衡前的发射，而He-4和更重的团簇肯定需要其他机制。 （c）2005 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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