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A nonadaptive scenario explaining the genetic predisposition to obesity: the predation release

机译：一种非适应性的情景，解释了肥胖的遗传易感性：捕食释放

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The "thrifty gene hypothesis" suggests we evolved genes for efficient food collection and fat deposition to survive periods of famine and that now that food is continuously available, these genes are disadvantageous because they make us obese in preparation for a famine that never comes. However, famines are relatively infrequent modern phenomena that involve insufficient mortality for thrifty genes to propagate. I suggest here that early hominids would have been subjected to stabilizing selection for body fatness, with obesity selected against by the risk of predation. Around two million years ago predation was removed as a significant factor by the development of social behavior, weapons, and fire. The absence of predation led to a change in the population distribution of body fatness due to random mutations and drift. Because this novel hypothesis involves random drift, rather than directed selection, it explains why, even in Western society, most people are not obese.
机译：“节俭基因假说”表明，我们进化出了可以有效收集食物和沉积脂肪的基因，从而可以在饥荒时期生存，并且由于现在粮食可以连续供应，所以这些基因是不利的，因为它们使我们肥胖，为从未发生的饥荒做准备。然而，饥荒是相对不常见的现代现象，其死亡率不足以使节俭基因得以繁殖。我在这里建议，对早期的原始人来说，应该选择稳定的身体脂肪，而选择肥胖则要避免被掠食的风险。大约两百万年前，掠夺已被社会行为，武器和火力的发展消除为重要因素。由于随机突变和漂移，没有捕食导致身体脂肪的总体分布发生了变化。因为这个新颖的假设涉及随机漂移，而不是定向选择，所以可以解释为什么即使在西方社会，大多数人也不肥胖。

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