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Keeping electrolytes & fluids balance part 1

机译：保持电解质和液体平衡，第1部分

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摘要

Critically ill patients are diverse in terms of illness, but many experience electrolyte abnormalities or fluid imbalances that can compromise their clinical status and adversely affect outcomes. These shifts in electrolytes and fluids-the "critical care shuffle"-can be attributed to an underlying chronic disease state, an acute condition that manifests during the course of the patient's hospitalization, or the administration of certain medications. Monitoring and carefully managing electrolytes and fluid balance is an integral part of assessing and caring for a critically ill patient. This series provides a general overview of the electrolytes tested and I.V. fluids used in critical care areas, as well as the common causes, signs and symptoms, and available treatments to correct electrolyte abnormalities and fluid imbalances. This article describes sodium and fluid imbalances. A later article will describe imbalances in potassium, calcium, and magnesium.
机译：重症患者的疾病多种多样，但许多患者会出现电解质异常或体液失衡，从而损害其临床状况并对结果产生不利影响。电解质和液体的这些转移（“重症监护”）可以归因于潜在的慢性疾病状态，在患者住院期间或某些药物使用过程中表现出的急性病状。监测和仔细管理电解质和液体平衡是评估和护理重症患者的重要组成部分。本系列概述了测试的电解质和I.V.重症监护区使用的液体以及常见原因，体征和症状，以及纠正电解质异常和液体失衡的可用治疗方法。本文介绍了钠和液体的失衡。稍后的文章将描述钾，钙和镁的失衡。

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