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Nanochemistry From single molecules to functional supramolecular nanomaterials and devices

机译：纳米化学从单分子到功能性超分子纳米材料和器件

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Molecular self-assembly is a very powerful strategy to develop functional supramolecular nanostructures whose properties can be explored across multiple length scales by means of scanning probe microscopies. This paper highlights five examples from our laboratory on the formation, exploration and exploitation of ordered multicomponent organic and polymeric nanostructures of interest for opto-electronics applications. In the first example, the development of new processing and post-processing methods to form highly ordered supramolecular nanostructures at surfaces starting from electroactive building blocks is described with a particularfocus on the unveiling of the mechanism of self-assembly. In the second example, scanning tunneling microscopy is exploited to study the kinetics and thermodynamics of multicomponent self-assembly at the solid-liquid interface. The third example shows how self-recognition among nucleobases can be used to construct dynamic supramolecular scaffolds whose reversible assembly/reassembly process occurring at surfaces can be monitored on the sub-nanometric scale in real-time. In the fourth example, the capability of different scanning probe techniques such as conducting-atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy to explore nanostructure's properties in a quantitative way is described. Finally, by mastering controlled multicomponent self-assembly, two examples of supramolecularly engineered electronic devices are presented. While the described examples provide a glimpse of different approaches towards the unravelling of the architecture vs. function relationship in supramolecularly engineered functional nanomaterials for organic electronics, one can foresee the extension of these strategies to the design of ever more complex multicomponent materials to fabricate devices that can express multiple yet independent complex functions.
机译：分子自组装是开发功能性超分子纳米结构的非常有效的策略，其功能可以通过扫描探针显微技术在多个长度范围内进行探索。本文重点介绍了我们实验室针对光电应用感兴趣的有序多组分有机和聚合物纳米结构的形成，探索和开发的五个示例。在第一个示例中，描述了开发新处理和后处理方法以在自电活性构建体开始的表面上形成高度有序的超分子纳米结构的过程，特别着重于揭示自组装机制。在第二个示例中，利用扫描隧道显微镜研究了固液界面上多组分自组装的动力学和热力学。第三个例子显示了如何利用核碱基之间的自我识别来构建动态超分子支架，其在表面发生的可逆组装/重组过程可以在亚纳米尺度上实时监控。在第四个示例中，描述了不同的扫描探针技术（例如传导原子力显微镜和Kelvin探针力显微镜）以定量方式探索纳米结构特性的能力。最后，通过掌握受控的多组件自组装，给出了超分子工程电子设备的两个示例。尽管所描述的示例为有机电子超分子工程化功能纳米材料中的体系结构与功能关系的揭示提供了不同方法的一瞥，但可以预见这些策略将扩展到设计越来越复杂的多组分材料以制造器件的过程中。可以表达多个但独立的复杂功能。

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