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首页> 外文期刊>Cell motility and the cytoskeleton >Cell division of Giardia intestinalis: assembly and disassembly of the adhesive disc, and the cytokinesis.
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Cell division of Giardia intestinalis: assembly and disassembly of the adhesive disc, and the cytokinesis.

机译：贾第鞭毛虫小肠的细胞分裂：粘合盘的组装和拆卸以及胞质分裂。

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摘要

Trophozoites of Giardia are equipped with a special organelle of attachment, essential for parasite survival and pathogenicity, the ventral disc. Although its basic structure is well established, its reorganization and assembly during cell replication is poorly understood. We addressed some of these problems with aid of conventional, confocal and electron microscopy. We found that dividing Giardia alternates attached and free swimming phases in accordance with functional competence of the parent or newly assembled discs. The division started in attached cells by detachment of the disc microtubules from basal bodies. Shortening and eventual loss of the giardin microribbons, and unfolding of the microtubular layer resulting in collapse of the disc chamber and parasite detachment underlined gradual disassembly of the parent disc skeleton. Two daughter discs assembled on the dorsal side of the attached cell, with their ventral sides exposed on the parent cell surface and their microtubular skeletons growing in counter-clockwise direction. A depression between the assembling discs marked the cleavage plane. The splitting continued during the free-swimming phase with ventral-ventral axial symmetry in a plane of the daughter discs. Finally, the daughter cells with fully developed discs but still connected tail to tail by a cytoplasmic bridge, attached to a substrate and terminated the division by a process resembling adhesion-dependent cytokinesis. The mode of assembly of the daughter discs and plane of the division is compatible with maintenance of the left-right asymmetry of the Giardia cytoskeleton in progeny, which cannot be satisfactorily explained by alternative models proposed so far.
机译：贾第鞭毛虫的滋养体具有特殊的附着细胞器，对寄生虫的存活和致病性腹盘至关重要。尽管其基本结构已得到很好的建立，但对细胞复制过程中的重组和组装了解甚少。我们借助常规，共聚焦和电子显微镜解决了其中一些问题。我们发现，根据父母或新组装的椎间盘的功能能力划分贾第鞭毛虫可交替进行附着和自由游泳阶段。通过将盘状微管从基体上分离，开始在附着的细胞中分裂。贾第蛋白微带的缩短和最终丢失，以及微管层的展开导致椎间盘腔塌陷和寄生虫分离，突出了父级椎间盘骨架的逐渐拆卸。将两个子盘组装在附着细胞的背侧，其腹侧暴露在亲代细胞表面，并且其微管骨架沿逆时针方向生长。组装圆盘之间的凹陷标志着切割平面。在子盘的平面中，在腹侧-腹侧轴向对称的自由游泳阶段，分裂继续进行。最后，具有完全发育的椎间盘的子细胞，但仍通过细胞质桥连接尾巴，连接至基质并通过类似于粘附依赖性细胞分裂的过程终止分裂。子盘的组装方式和分隔平面与后代贾第虫细胞骨架的左右不对称性的维持兼容，迄今为止提出的替代模型不能令人满意地解释这一点。

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