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首页> 外文期刊>Cell biology international. >Stem cell engineering for treatment of heart diseases: potentials and challenges.
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Stem cell engineering for treatment of heart diseases: potentials and challenges.

机译：干细胞工程治疗心脏病：潜力和挑战。

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Heart disorders are a major health concern worldwide responsible for millions of deaths every year. Among the many disorders of the heart, myocardial infarction, which can lead to the development of congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, or even death, has the most severe social and economic ramifications. Lack of sufficient available donor hearts for heart transplantation, the only currently viable treatment for heart failure other than medical management options (ACE inhibition, beta blockade, use of AICDs, etc.) that improve the survival of patients with heart failure emphasises the need for alternative therapies. One promising alternative replaces cardiac muscle damaged by myocardial infarction with new contractile cardiomyocytes and vessels obtained through stem cell-based regeneration. We report on the state of the art of recovery of cardiac functions by using stem cell engineering. Current research focuses on (a) inducing stem cells into becoming cardiac cells before or after injection into a host, (b) growing replacement heart tissue in vitro, and (c) stimulating the proliferation of the post-mitotic cardiomyocytes in situ. The most promising treatment option for patients is the engineering of new heart tissue that can be implanted into damaged areas. Engineering of cardiac tissue currently employs the use of co-culture of stem cells with scaffold microenvironments engineered to improve tissue survival and enhance differentiation. Growth of heart tissue in vitro using scaffolds, soluble collagen, and cell sheets has unique advantages. To compensate for the loss of ventricular mass and contractility of the injured cardiomyocytes, different stem cell populations have been extensively studied as potential sources of new cells to ameliorate the injured myocardium and eventually restore cardiac function. Unresolved issues including insufficient cell generation survival, growth, and differentiation have led to mixed results in preclinical and clinical studies. Addressing these limitations should ensurethe successful production of replacement heart tissue to benefit cardiac patients.
机译：心脏病是全球主要的健康问题，每年造成数百万人死亡。在许多心脏疾病中，可导致充血性心力衰竭，心律不齐甚至死亡的心肌梗塞具有最严重的社会和经济影响。缺乏足够的可用心脏供心脏移植，这是目前唯一可行的治疗心力衰竭的方法，除了可以改善心力衰竭患者生存率的药物管理选择（ACE抑制，β阻滞，使用AICD等）以外，它还需要替代疗法。一种有前途的替代方法是，通过基于干细胞的再生获得的新的收缩性心肌细胞和血管来替代因心肌梗塞而受损的心肌。我们报告了通过使用干细胞工程技术恢复心脏功能的最新技术水平。当前的研究集中在（a）在将干细胞注射入宿主之前或之后诱导干细胞成为心脏细胞，（b）在体外生长替代心脏组织，以及（c）在原位刺激有丝分裂后心肌细胞的增殖。对患者而言，最有希望的治疗选择是对可以植入受损区域的新心脏组织进行工程改造。心脏组织的工程目前使用干细胞与支架微环境的共培养，以改善组织存活率和增强分化。使用支架，可溶性胶原蛋白和细胞片体外培养心脏组织具有独特的优势。为了补偿受损心肌细胞的心室质量损失和收缩性，已经广泛研究了不同的干细胞群体，作为新细胞改善受损心肌并最终恢复心脏功能的潜在来源。未解决的问题，包括细胞生成存活，生长和分化不足，导致临床前和临床研究的结果参差不齐。解决这些局限性应确保成功生产替代心脏组织，从而使心脏病患者受益。

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