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首页> 外文期刊>Laser Physics: An International Journal devoted to Theoretical and Experimental Laser Research and Application >Theoretical investigations of the processes of selective laser interaction with melanin granules in pigmented tissues for laser applications in medicine
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Theoretical investigations of the processes of selective laser interaction with melanin granules in pigmented tissues for laser applications in medicine

机译：选择性激光与色素组织中黑色素颗粒的激光相互作用的理论研究，用于医学上的激光应用

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摘要

Theoretical investigations and the results of computer modeling of optical, thermophysical, thermochemical, and hydrodynamical processes during selective laser interaction with melanoprotein granules (melanosomes) in heterogeneous pigmented tissues (retinal pigment epithelium) are reviewed in this paper. Physico-mathematical models and system of equations are formulated which describe interaction processes for "short" laser pulses of duration t(p) < 10(-6) s and for "long" pulses of duration t (p) > 10(-6) s. The results of numerical simulation of the processes give the space-time distributions of temperature and degrees of thermodenaturation of the protein molecules inside and around melanosomes and in the volume of irradiated tissue. Energy absorption, heat transfer, and thermochemical processes occurring during the interaction of laser pulses with pigmented spherical and spheroidal granules in heterogeneous tissues are theoretically investigated. The possibility for selective interaction of short laser pulses with pigmented granules, which results in the formation of denaturation microregions inside and near the pigmented granules (granular thermodenaturation) without origination of a continuous macroscopic thermodenaturation lesion in tissue, is discussed. An analytical model of heating of a single spherical and spheroidal granule by a laser pulse is presented. Simple equations for the time dependences of particle temperature are obtained. Vapor generation under the action of a laser pulse on pigmented spherical granules in a water-containing tissue and the formation and dynamics of a vapor blanket are theoretically investigated. The values of pulse energy which give rise to granular and ophthalmoscopically visible thermodenaturation lesions on the retina and to vapor generation are discussed, as well as laser-induced breakdown on granules in pigmented tissues, on the basis of experimental results and numerical and analytical calculations. The comparison and agreement of the numerical results with the experimental data validate the models and techniques developed. The presented results are of essential interest for laser applications in ophthalmology and can be used to investigate laser interaction with heterogeneous tissues in dermatology and various fields of laser medicine.
机译：本文综述了异质有色组织（视网膜色素上皮）中黑素蛋白颗粒（黑素体）选择性激光相互作用过程中的光学，热物理，热化学和流体力学过程的理论研究和计算机建模结果。制定了物理数学模型和方程系统，描述了持续时间t（p）<10（-6）s的“短”激光脉冲和持续时间t（p）> 10（-6）的“长”脉冲的相互作用过程）s。该过程的数值模拟结果给出了温度的时空分布以及黑素体内部和周围以及被照射组织体积中蛋白质分子的热变性程度。理论上研究了异质组织中激光脉冲与色素球形和球形颗粒相互作用期间发生的能量吸收，传热和热化学过程。讨论了短脉冲激光与色素颗粒选择性相互作用的可能性，这种相互作用会导致色素颗粒内部和附近形成变性微区（颗粒热变性），而不会在组织中引起连续的宏观热变性损伤。提出了通过激光脉冲加热单个球形和球形颗粒的解析模型。获得了颗粒温度随时间变化的简单方程式。理论上研究了在含水组织中的有色球形颗粒上激光脉冲作用下的蒸汽产生以及蒸汽覆盖层的形成和动力学。在实验结果以及数值和分析计算的基础上，讨论了脉冲能量的值，这些脉冲能量会引起视网膜上的颗粒状和检眼镜可见的热变性损伤并产生蒸汽，以及对色素性组织中的颗粒进行激光诱导的分解。数值结果与实验数据的比较和一致性验证了所开发的模型和技术。提出的结果对于眼科领域的激光应用至关重要，可用于研究皮肤病学和激光医学各个领域中激光与异质组织的相互作用。

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