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首页> 外文期刊>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems >P-equilibrium fertilization in an intensive dairy farming system: effects on soil-P status, crop yield and P leaching
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P-equilibrium fertilization in an intensive dairy farming system: effects on soil-P status, crop yield and P leaching

机译：集约化奶牛养殖系统中的磷平衡施肥：对土壤磷素状况，作物产量和磷素淋溶的影响

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摘要

In the coming decade, European dairy farms are obliged to realize a balance between phosphor (P) inputs to their farmland (in inorganic fertilizers and manure) and outputs (in crop products), the so-called P-equilibrium fertilization. The objective of the present study is to analyze the long-term effects of P-equilibrium fertilization on soil-P status (total soil-P and available soil-P), crop yield and P leaching on dry sandy soil, using data from experimental dairy farm De Marke', where P-equilibrium fertilization has been applied since 1989. For grassland, P availability is expressed in P-Al and for arable land in Pw. Total and available P status were monitored in the upper topsoil (layer 0-0.2 m). Total soil-P was also monitored in the lower topsoil (layer 0.2-0.4 m) and in the subsoil (0.4-0.6 m). From 1989 to 2006, Pw and P-Al (means of all farmland) decreased by 26 and 25%, respectively. In the same period, mean total-P content of the farmland decreased by 16%. There was a large variation in initial P status (1989) of the various plots. The rate of decline in all soil-P indicators was positively correlated to their initial values. In plots with the lowest initial values, P status did not change, while in plots with high initial values it tended to stabilize at lower levels. At equilibrium-P fertilization, Pw is estimated to stabilize at 20. This is lower than the recommended P status of Dutch soils used for maize cropping. P-Al is estimated to stabilize at 30-40, which corresponds to the current recommendations for grassland. The data show that at P-equilibrium fertilization, soil available-P status is higher in a maize-ley rotation than in permanent grassland. The decline in total P and available P did not affect crop yield, nor did it affect the P concentration in groundwater, but at De Marke', P emission to groundwater is generally low. The results obtained suggest that P-equilibrium fertilization can be compatible with efficient crop production.
机译：在未来十年中，欧洲奶牛场有义务在其农田（无机肥料和肥料）中的磷（P）投入和作物产品中的产出（作物产品）之间实现平衡，即所谓的P平衡施肥。本研究的目的是使用实验数据分析磷平衡施肥对旱沙土的土壤磷状况（总土壤磷和有效土壤磷），作物产量和磷淋失的长期影响。奶牛场De Marke'，自1989年以来一直在这里应用P平衡施肥。在草地上，P的有效性以P-Al表示，在Pw的耕地中表示。在上表土（0-0.2 m层）中监测了总磷和有效磷状态。在下表层土壤（0.2-0.4 m层）和下层土壤（0.4-0.6 m）中也监测了土壤总磷。从1989年到2006年，Pw和P-Al（所有农田的均值）分别下降了26％和25％。同期，农田平均全磷含量下降了16％。各个样区的初始P状态（1989年）有很大差异。所有土壤-P指标的下降速度均与其初始值成正相关。在初始值最低的图中，P状态不变，而在初始值较高的图中，P值趋于稳定在较低水平。在平衡磷施肥下，Pw估计稳定在20。这低于用于玉米种植的荷兰土壤的推荐P状况。估计P-Al稳定在30-40，这与当前对草地的建议相对应。数据表明，在磷平衡施肥条件下，玉米-玉米轮作的土壤有效磷状况要高于永久性草地。总磷和有效磷的下降不会影响作物产量，也不会影响地下水中磷的浓度，但是在De Marke'州，地下水的磷排放通常较低。获得的结果表明，P-平衡施肥可以与有效的作物生产兼容。

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