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Photocontrollable nitric oxide (NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) donors and their release mechanisms

机译:光控一氧化氮(NO)和硝氧基(HNO)供体及其释放机理

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摘要

Nitric oxide (NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) are small-molecular, unstable compounds that mediate a variety of biological effects, especially in the cardiovascular system. Because of the instability of NO and HNO, controlled release for experimental investigation of their activities requires the use of appropriate donor molecules. Early donors released these molecules via spontaneous decomposition, but more recently, NO and HNO donors which can be controlled by photoirradiation have been developed; these are far superior, allowing precise spatial and temporal control of NO and HNO release. Among photocontrollable NO donors, metal nitrosyl complexes and nitroarene compounds are very important; the former releases NO by photoinduced cleavage of the metal-NO bond, and the latter, by photoisomerization of the aryl nitro group. Only a few photocontrollable HNO donors are available so far, and these are based on retro hetero Diels-Alder reaction initiated by photoabsorption. This review of photocontrollable NO and HNO donors and their mechanisms also covers spontaneous-release donors to the extent necessary to understand their contribution to the development of the photocontrollable donors.
机译:一氧化氮(NO)和硝氧基(HNO)是小分子的不稳定化合物,可介导多种生物学作用,尤其是在心血管系统中。由于NO和HNO的不稳定性,用于实验研究其活性的控制释放需要使用合适的供体分子。早期的供体通过自发分解释放这些分子,但是最近,已经开发出可以通过光辐照控制的NO和HNO供体。这些都非常优越,可以精确地控制NO和HNO的释放。在可光控制的NO供体中,金属亚硝酰基配合物和亚硝基芳烃化合物非常重要。前者通过光诱导的金属-NO键裂解释放NO,而后者通过芳基硝基的光异构化释放NO。到目前为止,仅有少数可控光的HNO供体,它们是基于光吸收引发的逆杂Diels-Alder反应。对光控NO和HNO供体及其机制的综述还涵盖了自发供体,以了解它们对光控供体发展的贡献所必需的程度。

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