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Impacts of land use/cover change on soil properties in the Mediterranean region of northwestern Jordan

机译：约旦西北部地中海地区土地利用/覆盖变化对土壤特性的影响

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This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of deforestation on physical and chemical properties of soils under native forest in the Mediterranean region of northwestern Jordan. Land use/cover maps of 1953, 1978 and 2002 were interpreted and analysed within GIS to quantify the shift from forest to rainfed cultivation. Six sites were sampled in a non-changed forest and in cultivated fields, three for each. Different soil properties of texture, bulk density, organic matter, total nitrogen, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), phosphorous and potassium were analysed. Results showed that many forests were changed into cultivated lands at a rate more than the reforestation. Subsequently, adverse effects on the studied physical and chemical properties were observed. The most affected properties were particle size distribution, bulk density of surface soil and subsoil. Organic matter and CEC decreased in cultivated soil as compared to the forest soil. Cultivated soils were found to exhibit a significantly lower status in physical and chemical soil properties as compared to forest soils. This general decline in the soil physical and chemical properties, in turn, contributed to soil erosion, reduction of soil fertility and land degradation.There is an urgent need to improve soil quality by developing sustainable land use practices to reduce the rate of soil degradation and to ensure long-term sustainability of the farming system in the study area and in similar biophysical settings. Copyright pb 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：这项研究旨在评估森林砍伐对约旦西北部地中海地区原生林下土壤物理化学特性的影响。在GIS中解释和分析了1953年，1978年和2002年的土地利用/覆盖图，以量化从森林种植到雨养耕作的转变。在未改变的森林和耕地中采样了六个地点，每个地点三个。分析了土壤的不同质地，堆积密度，有机质，总氮，pH，阳离子交换容量（CEC），磷和钾的性质。结果表明，许多森林变成耕地的速度超过了重新造林的速度。随后，观察到对所研究的物理和化学性质的不利影响。影响最大的特性是粒径分布，表层土壤和下层土壤的堆积密度。与森林土壤相比，耕作土壤中的有机质和CEC下降。与森林土壤相比，已耕种的土壤在物理和化学土壤性质方面表现出明显较低的状态。土壤理化性质的普遍下降反过来又导致了土壤侵蚀，土壤肥力下降和土地退化。迫切需要通过发展可持续的土地利用方法来减少土壤退化和土壤退化的速度来改善土壤质量。确保研究区域和类似生物物理环境中耕作系统的长期可持续性。版权所有pb 2008 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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