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首页> 外文期刊>Land Degradation and Development >APPLYING EROSION DAMAGE MAPPING TO ASSESS AND QUANTIFY OFF-SITE EFFECTS OF SOIL EROSION IN SWITZERLAND
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APPLYING EROSION DAMAGE MAPPING TO ASSESS AND QUANTIFY OFF-SITE EFFECTS OF SOIL EROSION IN SWITZERLAND

机译：应用侵蚀损伤图谱评估和量化瑞士土壤侵蚀的场外效应

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摘要

In order to fill existing knowledge gaps in the temporal and spatial distribution of soil erosion, its sources and causes, as well as in relation to its off-site impacts, erosion damage mapping of all visible erosion features was carried out at three study sites in Switzerland. The data illustrate that about one-quarter of the cultivated land was affected by water erosion. Observed mean annual soil loss rates are considered rather low (0.7-2.3 t ha(-1) y(-1)) compared to other European countries. However, substantial losses of >70 t ha(-1) were recorded on individual plots.This paper focuses on the spatial aspects of soil erosion, by observing and comparing the study areas in a 1-year period from October 2005 to October 2006. The analyses illustrate that the sites differ considerably in average soil loss rates, but show similar patterns of off-site effects. In about one-third of the damaged plots an external source of surface runoff upslope contributed to the damage (run-on). Similarly, more than 50 per cent of the soil eroded on arable land deposited downslope on adjacent plots, roads, public/private infrastructure, etc., and 20 per cent of it reached open water bodies. Large amounts of eroded soil which deposit off-site, often related to slope depressions, are considered muddy floods and were frequently observed in Switzerland.Mapping, in conclusion, helps to sheds light on some of the important challenges of today, in particular: to comprehensively assess socioeconomic and ecological off-site effects of soil erosion, to attribute off-site impacts to on-site causes, and to raise awareness of all stakeholders involved, in order to improve ongoing discussions on policy formulation and implementation at the national and international levels. Copyright
机译：为了填补土壤侵蚀的时间和空间分布，其来源和成因以及与其场外影响有关的现有知识空白，在美国的三个研究地点对所有可见的侵蚀特征进行了侵蚀破坏图。瑞士。数据表明，大约四分之一的耕地受到水蚀的影响。与其他欧洲国家相比，观测到的年平均土壤流失速率被认为是非常低的（0.7-2.3 t ha（-1）y（-1））。但是，在单个样地上记录了大于70 t ha（-1）的重大损失。本文通过观察和比较研究范围（从2005年10月到2006年10月）来重点研究土壤侵蚀的空间方面。分析表明，这些地点的平均土壤流失率差异很大，但显示出类似的场外效应模式。在大约三分之一的受损地块中，地表径流上坡的外部来源造成了破坏（连续）。同样，超过50％的土壤在邻近土地，道路，公共/私人基础设施等堆积的可耕地上的坡地上侵蚀，其中20％进入了开放水域。在瑞士经常观察到大量的侵蚀性土壤沉积物通常与斜坡洼地有关，通常被认为是泥泞的洪水，总的来说，作图有助于阐明当今的一些重要挑战，特别是：全面评估水土流失的社会经济和生态场外影响，将场外影响归因于场外原因，并提高所有相关利益攸关方的认识，以便在国家和国际上促进有关政策制定和实施的持续讨论水平。版权

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