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首页> 外文期刊>Land Degradation and Development >Soil loss, soil degradation and rehabilitation in a degraded land area in Guarapuava (Brazil)
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Soil loss, soil degradation and rehabilitation in a degraded land area in Guarapuava (Brazil)

机译：瓜拉布瓦瓦（巴西）退化土地上的水土流失，土壤退化和恢复

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摘要

Erosion and soil degradation are environmental impacts recognized worldwide. The degraded areas in the Guarapuava region are small (patchy). However, these areas are important sources of sediment that affects water quality in rural catchments and could threaten farm sustainability because farmers in this region generally have only a small area for cultivation. This paper presents a case study at a field scale that explores key questions concerning the evaluation of soil erosion, the appraisal of soil degradation and area recovery. This study was carried out over seven years (20022008). Several different measurement procedures were employed including assessment of soil loss, aggregation distribution, bulk density, total porosity, aggregate water retention and palisade efficiency. The degraded area displayed a very high soil loss (165.2217.7?t?ha-1?y-1). The palisades were efficient for sediment retention because they were able to trap 6288 per cent of the total sediment that originated in the area during the first year when this management technique was applied. After their installation, the retained sediment was gradually enhanced with respect to its physical, chemical and biological characteristics. The palisades promoted efficient soil recuperation in spite of the degraded conditions of the degraded area (shallow rills and cohesive soil). The use of palisades together with enclosure of the area was the most efficient method for promoting soil recovery and plant succession. These techniques allowed transformation of the area from a loss system towards an accumulation system with respect to sediment, water, nutrients, organic matter and seeds. Copyright (c) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：侵蚀和土壤退化是全球公认的环境影响。瓜拉普拉瓦地区的退化面积很小（斑片状）。但是，这些地区是重要的沉积物来源，会影响农村流域的水质，并可能威胁到农场的可持续性，因为该地区的农民通常只有很小的耕地面积。本文提供了一个实地规模的案例研究，探讨了有关土壤侵蚀评估，土壤退化评估和面积恢复的关键问题。这项研究进行了七年（20022008）。采用了几种不同的测量程序，包括土壤流失，聚集体分布，堆积密度，总孔隙率，聚集体保水率和栅栏效率的评估。退化地区的土壤流失非常严重（165.2217.7？t？ha-1？y-1）。栅栏能够有效地截留泥沙，因为使用这种管理技术的第一年，它们可以捕获来自该地区的全部泥沙的6288％。安装后，保留下来的沉积物的物理，化学和生物学特性逐渐增强。尽管退化地区条件恶化（浅小溪和粘性土壤），木栅栏仍能促进土壤的有效恢复。使用木栅与该区域的围护是促进土壤恢复和植物演替的最有效方法。这些技术使沉积物，水，养分，有机质和种子的面积从损失系统转变为累积系统。版权所有（c）2010 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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