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首页> 外文期刊>Landbauforschung >Soils of nut-fruit forests in southern Kyrgyzstan - important ecosystems worthy of protection
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Soils of nut-fruit forests in southern Kyrgyzstan - important ecosystems worthy of protection

机译：吉尔吉斯斯坦南部坚果果林的土壤-值得保护的重要生态系统

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The walnut forests of the Jalal-Abad region are located primarily in the northern slopes of the Fergana and Chatkal mountain ranges of the Tien Shan. The role of these organically evolved forest ecosystems changed from a pure food source to an important natural gene pool functioning as source of many domesticated fruit and nut trees that are widely cultivated in countries of the temperate zone. Natural walnut forests are characterised by an enormous biodiversity of the plant communities promoting theformation of highly fertile soils. The dominant soil type is brown soil. On seven different sites, several soil characteristics were investigated on soil profiles until 150 cm soil depth. The soil samples were investigated for macro and micro nutrient contents, humus content and its composition, as well as bulk density. The humus content of the top soils ranged from 2.4 to 18.5 % (soil organic matter). Up to 25.4 mg/100 g nitrogen, 4.9 mg/100 g phosphorus, and 54.6 mg/100 g potassium in plant availableform were determined. Noticeable high contents of calcium (670 to 6,239 mg/100 g) and magnesium (up to 1,179 mg/100 g) were also determined indicating a good base saturation of these soils. Both nutrients are involved in the formation of stable mineraland organic-mineral soil aggregates which should maintain an increased water erosion resistance of these soils. Since an intensive progress of soil erosion by human impacts is to observe in the nut-fruit forest belt of Kyrgyzstan, in particular the enhancement of soil fertility and its subsequent maintenance are of utmost importance.
机译：Jalal-Abad地区的核桃树林主要位于天山Fer​​gana和Chatkal山脉的北坡。这些有机进化的森林生态系统的作用已从单纯的食物来源转变为重要的自然基因库，成为许多在温带地区广泛种植的驯化果树和坚果树的来源。天然胡桃木的特征是植物群落具有巨大的生物多样性，可促进高肥沃土壤的形成。主要的土壤类型是棕壤。在七个不同的地点，研究了土壤剖面上的几种土壤特性，直到土壤深度达到150 cm。对土壤样品进行了宏观和微量养分含量，腐殖质含量及其组成以及堆积密度的研究。表层土壤的腐殖质含量为2.4％至18.5％（土壤有机质）。测定了植物有效形态中的25.4 mg / 100 g氮，4.9 mg / 100 g磷和54.6 mg / 100 g钾。还确定了钙（670至6,239 mg / 100 g）和镁（最高1,179 mg / 100 g）的显着高含量，表明这些土壤具有良好的碱饱和度。两种养分都参与形成稳定的矿物质和有机矿物质的土壤团聚体，这将使这些土壤的耐水蚀性增强。由于要在吉尔吉斯斯坦的果果林带观察到人为影响造成的土壤侵蚀的深入进展，因此特别重要的是提高土壤肥力及其后续维护。

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