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首页> 外文期刊>Land Use Policy >Adoption of conservation agriculture in Europe: lessons of the KASSA project. (Special Issue: Soil and water conservation measures in Europe.)
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Adoption of conservation agriculture in Europe: lessons of the KASSA project. (Special Issue: Soil and water conservation measures in Europe.)

机译：在欧洲采用保护性农业：KASSA项目的经验教训。 （特刊：欧洲的水土保持措施。）

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According to KASSA findings, conservation agriculture is less adopted in Europe compared to other adopting regions and, reduced tillage is more common than no-tillage and cover crops. Currently, it is not popularised and it is less researched. The lack of knowledge on conservation agriculture systems and their management and, the absence of dynamic and effective innovation systems make it difficult and socio-economically risky for European farmers to give up ploughing which is a paradigm rooted in their cultural backgrounds. In Norway and Germany the adoption of conservation agriculture has been encouraged and subsidised in order to mitigate soil erosion. In the other European countries the adoption process seems mainly driven by farmers and, the major driving force has been the cost reduction in machinery, fuel and labour saving. Soil and water conservation concerns did not appear as main drivers in the European farmers' decision to shift or not to conservation agriculture. The shift of European farmers to conservation agriculture is being achieved through a step-by-step attitude, large scale farms are the most adopters. This adoption trend may grow in the future. Indeed, the need to improve farms' competitiveness, the market globalization and the steady increase of fuel cost will likely contribute to arouse European farmers' interest in conservation agriculture as it slashes significantly the production costs. Conservation agriculture is not equally suitable for all the European agroecosystems. The need of soil and water conservation in Europe requires anticipating the ongoing process in order to improve its ecological and socio-economic sustainability. Priority would be to define which regions in Europe are the most suitable for conservation agriculture taking into account climate and soil constraints, length of growing period, water availability and quality, erosion hazards and farming conditions. Policy favouring the use of soil cover and profitable crop rotations as management strategies for weed, pest and diseases control will certainly allow developing and disseminating efficient and acceptable conservation agriculture systems.
机译：根据KASSA的调查结果，与其他采用地区相比，欧洲的保护性农业采用率较低，并且耕作减少的耕作比免耕和覆盖作物的耕作更为普遍。目前，它还没有普及并且研究较少。缺乏关于保护性农业系统及其管理的知识，以及缺乏动态有效的创新系统，使得欧洲农民放弃耕作困难且具有社会经济风险，这是植根于其文化背景的范例。在挪威和德国，鼓励和资助采用保护性农业以减轻水土流失。在其他欧洲国家中，收养过程似乎主要是由农民推动的，其主要推动力是降低机械，燃料和节省劳动力的成本。水土保持问题并未成为欧洲农民决定是否转向保护性农业的主要驱动力。欧洲农民向循序渐进的态度转变是通过循序渐进的态度实现的，大型农场是最受采用的农场。这种采用趋势将来可能会增长。确实，提高农场竞争力，市场全球化和燃料成本稳定增长的需求可能会极大地激发欧洲农民对保护性农业的兴趣，因为这大大降低了生产成本。保护性农业并非同样适用于所有欧洲农业生态系统。欧洲对水土保持的需求要求预见正在进行的过程，以改善其生态和社会经济可持续性。考虑到气候和土壤限制因素，生长期的长短，水的可利用性和质量，侵蚀的危害和耕作条件，将优先确定欧洲哪个地区最适合保护性农业。有利于利用土壤覆盖和有利的作物轮作作为杂草，病虫害控制战略的政策，肯定会发展和传播有效和可接受的保护性农业系统。

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