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首页> 外文期刊>Landbauforschung Volkenrode: Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen der Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Landwirtschaft Braunschweig-Volkenrode (FAL) >New process for combined treatment of waste (EFB) and waste water (POME) from palm oil mills - Technical, economical and ecological aspects.
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New process for combined treatment of waste (EFB) and waste water (POME) from palm oil mills - Technical, economical and ecological aspects.

机译：棕榈油加工厂联合处理废物（EFB）和废水（POME）的新工艺-技术，经济和生态方面。

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摘要

A zero waste concept in palm oil mills is possible and profitable. Conventional palm oil production is characterized by a high pollution of the environment from the oil mill waste water (POME). In an average oil mill with a capacity of 30 t/h (120 000 t fresh fruit bunch FFB/year), 1.24 Mio m3 methane from the pond damage the atmosphere and nutrients discharged to river pollute surface and groundwater, the monetary losses are 265 000 Euro/year. Conventional palm oil production cannot fulfill the requirements of a modern, integrated waste management. Land application of POME is very expensive and pollutes the environment if the application rate is >89 m3 ha-1 year-1. A new integrated concept was developed on the basis of trials in demonstration plants. In that concept, the whole POME, fresh or after anaerobic fermentation in a fixed bed reactor to produce biogas as energy source, is added to an empty fruit bunch (EFB) in a composting process with open, regularly turned windrows. All nutrients from POME and EFB are combined in one product compost. A detailed cost calculation for Indonesia shows that the conventional system of POME treatment is not only the system with highest pollution of the environment, the lowest utilization of renewable resources but also the system with the lowest profit. All investigated alternatives with utilization of the nutrients from POME and EFB and the energy source from anaerobic POME fermentation are profitable. For practice, it is recommended that pond systems should not be installed anymore and existing ones should be closed.
机译：棕榈油厂的零浪费概念是可能的，而且有利可图。常规的棕榈油生产的特征是油厂废水（POME）对环境的高度污染。在一个平均产能为30吨/小时（每年12万吨新鲜水果束FFB /年）的榨油厂中，池塘中1.24 Mio m3的甲烷对大气和营养物质的排放破坏了河流污染地表水和地下水，金钱损失为265 000欧元/年。传统的棕榈油生产无法满足现代，综合性废物管理的要求。如果施用率> 89 m3 ha-1 year-1，POME的土地施用非常昂贵，并且会污染环境。在示范工厂的试验的基础上，开发了一个新的集成概念。在此概念中，将新鲜的或在固定床反应器中进行厌氧发酵以产生沼气作为能源的整个POME在堆肥过程中以规则的开放式堆肥方式添加到空果束（EFB）中。来自POME和EFB的所有营养成分都合并在一种产品堆肥中。印度尼西亚的详细成本计算表明，传统的POME处理系统不仅是对环境污染最高，可再生资源利用率最低的系统，而且还是利润最低的系统。所有利用POME和EFB的养分以及厌氧POME发酵产生的能源进行研究的替代品都是有利的。作为实践，建议不要再安装池塘系统，而应关闭现有的系统。

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